Priap

Chodabwitsa ndi tsogolo la mulungu wamng'ono uyu wotchedwa Priapus, amene olemba akale ndi amakono sanasiye kusokoneza ndi zithunzi zina za kugonana, ndi Pan kapena satyrs, komanso ndi bambo ake Dionysus kapena ndi Hermaphrodite.... Izi mosakayikira ndi chifukwa chakuti chibadwa cha Priapus ndi membala wosagwirizana ndi mwamuna, komanso chifukwa chakuti nthawi zambiri timakonda kudziwika ndi mulungu wa ityphallic (ndi kugonana kolunjika), ndi chirichonse chomwe chinali chogonana. Monga ngati kugonana mopambanitsa kwa Mulungu kwasokoneza ophunzira a nthano. Choncho, kuti afotokoze izi, Diodorus wa Siculus ndi Strabo amalankhula za "kufanana" kwa Priapus ndi milungu ina yachigiriki ya ityphallic ndipo amati iwo, ofanana ndi iye, ndi Priapic (kuti afotokoze malemba akale ndi mabuku, onani nkhani yakuti "Priapus" .[ Maurice Olender], motsogoleredwa ndi J. Bonnefoy, Dictionary of mythologies , 1981).

Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za kusamvetsetsana kumeneku kaŵirikaŵiri, magwero akale amalondola chithunzi chenicheni cha zimenezi mulungu wamng'ono  : ndithudi, mosiyana ndi anzake a phallic - Pan kapena satyrs - Priapus ndi munthu. Alibe nyanga, alibe zikhadabo za nyama, alibe mchira. Chodabwitsa chake chokha, matenda ake okha, ndi kugonana kwakukulu komwe kumamufotokozera kuyambira kubadwa kwake. Zigawo za nthano zimafotokoza momwe Priapus wobadwa kumene anakanidwa ndi amayi ake Aphrodite ndendende chifukwa cha kunyansidwa kwake komanso membala wosagwirizana ndi mwamuna. Kuchita kumeneku kwa Aphrodite, guwa lansembe lachiroma ku Aquileia, kumachitirabe umboni wa zimenezi, pamene tikuwona mulungu wamkazi wokongola akuchoka pa kubadwa kwa mwana, amene malemba akutchedwa. amorphous - wonyansa komanso wopunduka.

Ndipo ichi ndi cholakwika chake chobadwa nacho, chomwe chidzakhalanso chizindikiro cha maphunziro onse a nthano a Priapus - ntchito yomwe imatchulidwa koyamba yomwe imanena za kutuluka kwa mulungu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya Agiriki, pafupifupi zaka 300 JC isanafike. Alexandria. Inali nthawi iyi yomwe timapeza mu epigrams Anthology yachi Greek Priapus anamanga msasa m'munda wa zipatso - dimba la ndiwo zamasamba kapena m'munda wa zipatso - atayimabe, ndipo nthambi yake yachimuna ndi chida chomwe chiyenera kusokoneza akuba powaopseza. Za kugonana kwaukali kumeneku, Priapus akupitiriza kudzitamandira, atanyamula mwinjiro wodzaza ndi zipatso, zizindikiro zomveka za chonde zomwe ayenera kulimbikitsa. Ndipo kuchonyansacho, mulungu amalumikiza mawuwo, kuopseza munthu yemwe angakhale wakuba kapena wakuba.

Koma pa zokolola zazing’ono zimene Mulungu ayenera kuzisamalira, zimamera pang’ono kapena sizimakula. Ndipo monga minda yatsoka ya Priapus, chiboliboli cha wotsiriziracho chinajambulidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wa mkuyu wamba. Choncho, mulungu ameneyu, amene mwambo wakale umamuonetsa ngati chida choberekera, malembawo nthawi zambiri amamupanga kukhala munthu wolephera. Ndipo tambala wake amaoneka ngati chida chaukali monga chosagwira ntchito, mphuno, chimene sichibala, kapena chisangalalo chopanda pake.

Ndi Ovid amene akufotokoza momwe mulungu ameneyu amalephera kusamalira Lotis kapena Vesta wokongola, ndi momwe amathera chimanjamanja nthawi zonse, jenda lake limakhala mlengalenga, chinthu chonyozedwa pamaso pa mpingo, chomwe chiri. zotukwana. Priapus akukakamizika kuthawa, mtima wake ndi miyendo ndi zolemetsa. Ndipo mu Latin priapeas, ndakatulo zoperekedwa kwa iye, timapeza ityphallic Priapus kuteteza minda ndikuwopseza akuba kapena akuba ku nkhanza zoipitsitsa zakugonana. Koma pano wataya mtima. Kenako akupempha ochita zoipawo kuti awoloke mpanda umene waimapo kuti awalange, kuti moyo wake ukhale wosalira zambiri. Koma kuwonetsera monyoza kwa Priapus mopambanitsa sikungathe kukhazika mtima pansi.

Mwina ndi Dr. Hippocrates mu nosography yake yomwe ikuwonetsera bwino mbali zina za phallocrate yopanda mphamvu iyi. Chifukwa adaganiza zotcha "priapism" matenda osachiritsika omwe amuna amakhala owuma mopweteka mobwerezabwereza. Ndipo madokotala akalewa amaumiriranso pa mfundo imodzi: sayenera kusokonezedwa, monga akunena, priapism с satiriasis , matenda ofananirako amene kukomoka kwachilendo sikumapatula kutulutsa umuna kapena chisangalalo.

Kusiyana kumeneku pakati pa itifallism ya Priapus ndi satyrs kungasonyeze kugawanika kwina: zomwe Priapus amaika, zomwe zowonetsera nthawi zonse zimakhala za anthropomorphic, zili kumbali ya anthu, pamene satyrs, zolengedwa zosakanizidwa kumene munthu amasakaniza ndi zilombo, ali kumbali ya ziwanda. zankhanza.... Monga ngati kugonana kosagwirizana, kosatheka kwa munthu - Priapus - kunali koyenera kwa nyama ndi anthu ochepa.

Aristotle mu zolemba zake zamoyo amasonyeza kuti chilengedwe chapatsa mbolo yamphongo kuti ikhale yolimba kapena ayi, ndipo kuti "ngati chiwalochi chikanakhala chofanana nthawi zonse, chingayambitse vuto." Umu ndi momwe zilili ndi Priapus, yemwe, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi ityphallic, samapeza chisangalalo pang'ono pakugonana.

Zimakhalabe kumvetsetsa mbali zogwira ntchito za kuipa kwa Priapus. Ndi mmene kusonyeza kwake mokakamiza kumapitirizira kukhala mbali ya njira imene kuchulukitsitsa kumadzetsa kulephera; momwe Priapus amakwaniranso mu chilengedwe chachonde chakalechi chomwe anali munthu wamba. Akristu a m’Nyengo Zapakati anakumbukirabe kwa nthaŵi yaitali Nyengo ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano isanapezenso kamulungu ka minda ameneyu.