Sodalite wakuda wabuluu wokhala ndi mitsempha yoyera amanyengerera ndi mawonekedwe ake ausiku wofewa wachisanu. koma kaŵirikaŵiri amachitidwa modzichepetsa: kaŵirikaŵiri amawonedwa ngati wachibale wosauka wa lapis lazuli wokongola kwambiri, amene mbiri yake yakale imatidabwitsa. Komabe, sodalite, ngakhale yoletsa kwambiri, ingatidabwitse komanso nthawi zina amabisa mphamvu zozizwitsa.
Makhalidwe a Mineralogical a sodalite
Mu gulu lalikulu la silicates, sodalite ndi feldspathoid tectosilicates. Ili ndi gulu laling'ono lomwe lili pafupi ndi feldspars, koma lokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana akuthupi ndi mankhwala: kutsika kwa silika kumapangitsa kuti akhale ochepa kwambiri mchere wambiri. Zili ndi aluminiyamu yambiri, choncho dzina la sayansi "aluminium silicate". Kuphatikiza apo, sodalite imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa sodium kuphatikiza ndi chlorine.
Sodalite ndi wa banja la "kunja kwa nyanja". Dzina limeneli limasonyeza kuti lapis lazuli sanali ku Mediterranean. Lapis lazuli ndi kuphatikiza kwa mchere wambiri. Izi makamaka ndi lapis lazuli, komanso zokhudzana ndi kutsidya kwa nyanja, nthawi zina zimatsagana ndi mchere wina wofanana: hayuine ndi sodalite. Mulinso calcite ndi pyrite. Pyrite, yomwe imapatsa lapis lazuli mtundu wake wagolide, imakhala yosowa kwambiri mu sodalite.
Sodalite imapezeka m'malo amiyala, osauka-silica omwe amapangidwa ndi mapiri ophulika. : m'miyala yoyaka moto monga syenite kapena kutulutsa mapiri panthawi ya kuphulika. Ndi imapezekanso mu meteorites. Zimapezeka kawirikawiri ngati njere imodzi m'thanthwe kapena m'magulu akuluakulu, kawirikawiri mwa mawonekedwe a kristalo.
Ntchito zantchito zimachitika m'maiko ndi zigawo zotsatirazi:
Canada, Ontario: Bancroft, Dungannon, Hastings. Chigawo cha Quebec: Mont-Saint-Hilaire.
USA, Maine, Montana, New Hampshire, Arkansas.
Brazil, State of Ebaji: Blue Quarries ya Fazenda-Hiassu ku Itajo do Colonia.
Russia, Kola Peninsula kum'mawa kwa Finland, Ural.
Afghanistan, Badakhshan Province (Hakmanit).
Burma, Mogok dera (hackmanite).
India, Madhya Pradesh.
Pakistan (kupezeka kawirikawiri kwa makhiristo okhala ndi pyrite).
Tasmania
Australia
Namibia (makristasi owoneka bwino).
West Germany, Eifel mapiri.
Denmark, kumwera kwa Greenland: Illymausak
Italy, Campania: Somma-Vesuvius complex
France, Cantal: Menet.
Zodzikongoletsera za Sodalite ndi Zinthu
sodalite tenebescence
Sodalite amawonetsa chosowa chowala chowoneka bwino chotchedwa tenebrescence kapena reversible photochromism. Mkhalidwe umenewu umaonekera kwambiri mu mitundu ya duwa yotchedwa hackmanite, wotchulidwa pambuyo pa katswiri wa mineralogist wa ku Finland Viktor Hackmann. Afghan hackmanite ndi wotumbululuka pinki mu kuwala kwabwinobwino, koma amatembenukira pinki yowala mu kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena pansi pa nyali ya ultraviolet.
Kuyikidwa mumdima, kumakhalabe ndi kuwala komweko kwa mphindi zingapo kapena masiku angapo chifukwa cha zochitika za phosphorescence. Kenako imataya mtundu wake wochititsa chidwi, ngati duwa lofota. Njirayi imabwerezedwa pa kuyesa kulikonse pa chitsanzo chomwecho.
Chosiyanacho chikuwoneka ndi Mont Saint Hilaire hackmanite ku Canada: mtundu wake wokongola wa pinki umasanduka wobiriwira pansi pa kuwala kwa UV. Ogulitsa ena ochokera ku India kapena ku Burma amasanduka lalanje ndipo amaoneka ngati mauve pamene nyali zimazima.
Ma atomu a mcherewo amayamwa cheza cha ultraviolet, ndiyeno amawabwezeranso mozizwitsa. Chodabwitsa ichi, pafupifupi chamatsenga, mwachisawawa, chikhoza kuwonedwa mu ma Sodalites ena, pamene ena, omwe amawoneka ngati ofanana komanso akuchokera kumalo omwewo, samayambitsa.
Ma sodalite ena
Sodalite nthawi zina amatchedwa " alomit adatchedwa Charles Allom, mwiniwake wamkulu wa miyala yamtengo wapatali koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX ku Bancroft, Canada.
La ditroite ndi thanthwe lopangidwa, mwa zina, la sodalite, choncho ndi lolemera kwambiri mu sodium. Dzinali limachokera ku Ditro ku Romania.
La molybdosodalite Sodalite ya ku Italy yokhala ndi molybdenum oxide (chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzitsulo).
La synthetic sodalite pa msika kuyambira 1975.
Etymology ya mawu oti "sodalite"
Mu 1811, Thomas Thomson wa Royal Society of Edinburgh adapereka dzina lake kuti akhale sodalite. ndipo adalemba zolemba zake:
“Mpaka pano, palibe mchere umodzi womwe wapezeka uli ndi soda wochuluka ngati umene ukutchulidwa m’mabuku amenewa; ndichifukwa chake ndatengera dzina lomwe ndimalitchula ..."
Chifukwa chake dzina la sodalite limapangidwa ndi "soda("soda" in English) ndi "pang'ono" (Kwa Lithos, liwu lachigiriki lotanthauza mwala kapena mwala). Mawu achingerezi soda amachokera ku liwu lachilatini lomwelo lakale soda, lokha lochokera ku Chiarabu pulumuka dzina la chomera chomwe phulusa lake limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga soda. Soda, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, mbali yake, ndi mbiri, chidule ".koloko"(soda).
Sodalite m'mbiri
Sodalite kalelo
Sodalite idapezeka ndikufotokozedwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti poyamba sankadziwika. Lapis lazuli wakale, wogwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka ndi Aigupto ndi zitukuko zina za ku Mediterranean, amachokera ku migodi ya Badakhshan ku Afghanistan, kumene sodalite ikukumbidwabe.
Mungaganize kuti sodalite sichifunidwa makamaka, chifukwa m'malemba akale palibe chomwe chimanenedwa za izo. Pliny Mkulu akufotokoza miyala iwiri yokha ya buluu motere: mbali imodzi, safiro ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono a golide, omwe mosakayikira amatanthauza lapis lazuli ndi pyrite inclusions. Mbali inayi, buluu kutsanzira thambo la buluu la safiro.
Komabe, Aroma ankadziwa bwino mitundu ya sodalite, koma iyi inalibe mtundu wabuluu wodabwitsa. Nthawi zambiri imvi kapena yobiriwira; Izi nthawi zina zimatha kuyimira kuwonekera kwakukulu. Izi ndi za Vesuvius sodalite. Zaka 17.000 zapitazo, phiri la "amayi" la La Somma linagwa ndipo linabala Vesuvius. Sodalite yomwe ilipo mu chiphalaphala chokanidwa ndi Vesuvius ndi chifukwa cha kukonza kwakukulu kumeneku.
Kuphulika kwa Vesuvius mu 79 AD, komwe kunakwirira Pompeii ndi Herculaneum, kunapha Pliny Wamkulu. Wolemba zachilengedwe, wovutitsidwa ndi chidwi chake chosatopa, adafa chifukwa choyandikira kwambiri phirilo ndipo potero adagawana tsogolo la anthu masauzande ambiri.
M'zaka za zana la XNUMX, ma sodalite a granular, ofanana ndi a Vesuvian, adapezeka m'mphepete mwa Nyanja ya Albano, kufupi ndi Roma. Phiri lomwe lazungulira nyanjayi ndi phiri lachiphalaphala lakale kwambiri. Takvin the Magnificent, mfumu yomaliza ya Roma, adamanga kachisi woperekedwa kwa Jupiter cha m'ma 500 BC pamwamba pake. Palinso zotsalira zina, koma Phiri la Albano likumbukiranso zina: malowa ali ndi mchere wophulika.
Livy, wolemba mbiri wachiroma wa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX AD, akufotokoza chochitika chomwe chiyenera kuti chinachitika kale iye asanakhalepo ndipo chikuwoneka kuti chinayambika chifukwa cha kugwirizana: « dziko lapansi linatseguka pamalopo, kupanga phompho lowopsya. Miyala idagwa kuchokera kumwamba ngati mvula, nyanja idasefukira mdera lonse ... .
Sodalite mu zitukuko za Pre-Columbian
Mu 2000 BC JC, chitukuko cha Caral cha kumpoto kwa Peru chimagwiritsa ntchito sodalite mu miyambo yawo. Pamalo ofukula mabwinja, zopereka zinapezedwa zokhala ndi zidutswa za sodalite, quartz ndi zifaniziro zadongo zopanda moto.
Pambuyo pake (AD 1 mpaka 800), Chitukuko cha Mochica chidasiya zodzikongoletsera zagolide momwe sodalite, turquoise ndi chrysocolla zimapanga timizere tating'onoting'ono. Choncho, mu Larco Museum ku Lima, tikhoza kuona ndolo zosonyeza mbalame zankhondo mumithunzi ya buluu. Ena amakongoletsedwa ndi golide ting'onoting'ono ndi abuluzi.
Sodalite mu Middle Ages ndi Renaissance
Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, lapis lazuli yachotsedwa ku lapis lazuli kuti isanduke mtundu wabuluu wa ultramarine. Mtundu wa buluu wowoneka bwino wa sodalite ndi wosayenera ndipo chifukwa chake ndi wopanda pake pazifukwa izi. Pakadali pano, sodalite imakhala yoletsedwa kwambiri.
Sodalite mu nthawi yamakono
Mu 1806, katswiri wa mineralogist waku Danish Carl Ludwig Giseke adabweretsa mchere wosiyanasiyana kuchokera kuulendo wopita ku Greenland, kuphatikiza mtsogolo mwa sodalite. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, a Thomas Thomson adatenganso zitsanzo za mcherewu, kuzisanthula ndikuzitcha dzina lake.
Nthawi yomweyo Wowerengera waku Poland Stanisław Dunin-Borkowski amaphunzira sodalite kuchokera ku Vesuvius. yomwe anainyamula pa phiri lotchedwa Fosse Grande. Amamiza tizidutswa ta mwala woyenga bwino umenewu mu asidi wa nitric ndipo amaona kuti kutumphuka koyera kumapangika pamwamba pake. Asanduka ufa, sodalite gels mu zidulo.
Pambuyo pofananiza zowunikira ndi zochitika, mwala wa ku Greenland ndi mwala wa Vesuvius ndi wa mtundu womwewo.
Sodalite waku Canada
Mu 1901, Mary, Mfumukazi ya Wales, mkazi wamtsogolo George V, anapita ku Buffalo World Fair ndipo makamaka chidwi ndi sodalite wa Bancroft, Canada mineral capital.. Kenako matani 130 a miyala anatumizidwa ku England kukakongoletsa nyumba yachifumu ya Marlborough (yomwe tsopano ndi malo a Commonwealth Secretariat). Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a Bancroft adatchedwa "Les Mines de la Princesse".
Zikuwoneka kuti dzina la Sodalite "Blue Princess" linaperekedwa polemekeza membala wina wa banja lachifumu la Britain panthawiyo: Mfumukazi Patricia, mdzukulu wa Mfumukazi Victoria, makamaka wotchuka ku Canada. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, sodalite ya buluu yabwera mu mafashoni, mwachitsanzo, popanga mawotchi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimba mawotchi apamwamba.
Kuyambira 1961, ntchito za Bancroft zakhala zotseguka kwa anthu. Farm Rock ndi malo okongola kwambiri pamalopo. Monga minda yomwe imapereka zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kwaulere, malowa amalola aliyense kusankha sodalite pamtengo wotsika mtengo ndi kulemera kwake. Mumasankha ndikupezanso chuma chanu: zotsatsira zing'onozing'ono zosonkhanitsidwa kapena zinthu zazikulu zokongoletsa dimba. Chidebe chimaperekedwa, udindo wokhawo ndi kukhala ndi nsapato zabwino zotsekedwa!
Ubwino wa sodalite mu lithotherapy
M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, sodanum, mwinamwake yotengedwa ku chomera, inali mankhwala a soda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi mutu. Lithotherapy imapeza zopindulitsa izi ndi sodalite. Imathandiza kuchepetsa malingaliro, imachepetsa nkhawa zosafunikira komanso kudziimba mlandu. Pochotsa zowawa, zimalimbikitsa kusinkhasinkha ndikukwaniritsa kufunafuna kwathu koyenera ndi ludzu lathu la chowonadi.
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