Katundu ndi ubwino wa safiro

Safira ali ndi kukongola kwa mipando yachifumu yakumwamba. Imaonetsa mtima wa anthu osalakwa, amene amatsogozedwa ndi chiyembekezo china ndi amene miyoyo yawo imabala chifundo ndi ukoma. Zoyenera kuvala ndi mafumu, kuchokera kumwamba mawonekedwe ake ndi kukongola kwake kumawoneka ngati thambo ndi kumveka kwake ...

Marbod, mlembi wa wotchuka medieval lapidary, akufotokoza kunyezimira kodabwitsa kwa safiro, wowonekera komanso wakuya nthawi yomweyo. Pakati pa miyala inayi yamtengo wapatali (diamondi, emarodi, ruby, safiro), nthawi zambiri imatchulidwa komaliza. Komabe, makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi izi: chiyero, chilungamo ndi kukhulupirika.

Makhalidwe a Mineralogical a safiro

Sapphire ndi ruby-ngati corundum, mapasa ake. Chromium imapatsa ruby ​​mtundu wake wofiira, pomwe titaniyamu ndi chitsulo zimapereka mtundu wa buluu ku safiro. Pali miyala ya safiro yochulukirapo, koma zitsanzo zazikulu zazikulu ndizapadera.

Sapphire, wa gulu la oxides, alibe cleavage (ndege fracture zachilengedwe). Maonekedwe ake (kuyerekeza) amatha kukhala piramidi, prismatic, tabular, kapena mbiya. D'une grande dureté, 9 sur une échelle de 10, il raye tous les corps sauf le diamant.

Sapphire amapangidwa mu miyala ya metamorphic (miyala yosinthidwa pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kutentha kapena kupanikizika) inu magmatiques (miyala yochokera pakati pa dziko lapansi yoponyedwa kumtunda pambuyo pa kuphulika kwa mapiri). Amapezeka m'miyala yokhala ndi silika yotsika: nepheline, marble, basalt…

Nthawi zambiri, safiro amakumbidwa kuchokera ku ma depositi ang'onoang'ono otchedwa secondary deposits. : Mitsinje imatsika m’mapiri, yonyamula miyala m’tsinde mwa mitsinje ndi m’zigwa. Njira zopangira migodi zimakhala zaluso: kukumba zitsime kapena kungotsuka mchenga ndi miyala ndi mapaleti omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku mpesa. Ma depositi oyambirira amagwirizanitsidwa ndi migodi yovuta ya miyala yomwe ili pamtunda.

Un saphir doit presenter un bel éclat. Maonekedwe amkaka a safiro, omwe amatchedwa "chalcedony", ndi osafunika. Ma microcracks omwe amachititsa kuti ayezi kapena thovu awononge mtengo wa safiro, komanso madontho ndi njere. Zolakwika zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa kunyozetsa miyala ya safiro kukhala "mwala wamtengo wapatali". Mbali inayi, Kukongola kwa buluu wa safiro kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Zodzikongoletsera za safiro ndi zinthu

Mitundu ya safiro

Mtundu wa mchere umatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhalapo kocheperako kwa zinthu zina zamakina. Chromium, titaniyamu, chitsulo, cobalt, faifi tambala kapena vanadium amaphatikizana kuti apange corundum m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Ma corundum ofiira okha, ruby, ndi blue corundum, safiro amaonedwa kuti ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Zina zonse, zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zimatengedwa ngati "safire zokongola". Matchulidwe awo "safiro" ayenera kutsatiridwa ndi mtundu wawo (yachikasu safiro, safiro wobiriwira, etc.). Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX, ubale wawo sunakhazikitsidwe bwino, amatchedwa: "Oriental Peridot" (safiro wobiriwira), "Topazi wakum'mawa" (safiro wachikasu), "Oriental Amethyst" (safire wofiirira) ...

Mwalawu nthawi zina umakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yosiyana kapena umakhala ndi zonyezimira, monga safiro ya artichoke ya ku Yerusalemu. Le corindon incolore et transparent est un saphir blanc ou "leucosaphir". Il existe un saphir à la spectaculaire couleur corail. Originaire du Sri-Lanka, cette rareté porte le nom particulier de "padparadscha" (fleur de lotus en cinghalais).

Mtundu wa safiro ukhoza kuzindikirika mosiyana malinga ndi magwero a kuwala. Ena saphirs bleu indigo paraissent presque noirs à la lumière artificielle. D'autres deviennent violets ku la lumière du soleil. Le saphir possède aussi des propriétés pléochroïques : la couleur varie selon l'angle d'observation.

Kudula kwa safiro

Mwachikhalidwe miyala ya safiro yodulidwa ndi fumbi la diamondi. Le polissage s'effectue à l'aide d'un abrasif en poudre à base de corindon ordinaire et déclassé : l'émeri, utilisé aussi dans le polissage des verres optiques.

Mabala ophatikizika amawonjezera kunyezimira kwa safiro. Miyala yokhala ndi zophatikizika modabwitsa monga diso la mphaka (lopanga mzere woyima ngati mwana wa mphaka) kapena nyenyezi ya safiro (nyenyezi yokhala ndi nsonga zisanu ndi imodzi) yomwe imafunidwa kwambiri (nyenyezi yokhala ndi nsonga zisanu ndi imodzi) iwonetsa kukongola kwawo konse pambuyo podulidwa wakale wakale wotchedwa " ndi cabochon .

Mayina osocheretsa komanso chisokonezo

Pali zambiri mayina osocheretsa :

• "Sapphire waku Brazil" ndi topazi yabuluu yomwe imawunikiridwa pafupipafupi.
• "Sapphire spinel" kwenikweni ndi buluu.
• "Safire wamadzi", cordierite.

La sapphirine, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapezeka pamodzi ndi corundums, kwenikweni imakhala silicate. Ili ndi dzina lokha chifukwa cha mtundu wa buluu, wofanana ndi mtundu wa safiro.

Timapanga miyala ya safiro yopanga kuyambira 1920/XNUMX/XNUMX. Amalowa m'malo mwa safiro achilengedwe pazolinga zamakampani. Makampani opanga zodzikongoletsera amawagwiritsanso ntchito, monga momwe amapangira safiro a nyenyezi kuyambira 1947.

Chithandizo cha kutentha (pafupifupi 1700 °) ndi kuyatsa ndi cholinga chosintha kapena kukonza mtundu ndi kuwonekera. Ndikofunikira kutchula kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi.

Chiyambi cha safiro

Sri Lanka

Ma safiro ochokera kudera la Ratnapura amadziwika kuyambira kale. Imachotsa miyala yamtengo wapatali (yoyiwala ya buluu), safiro ya nyenyezi yosowa kwambiri ndi safiro amitundu, padparadscha. Ndipo ngakhale lero, pafupifupi theka la safiro amachokera ku Ceylon wakale. Pakati pawo pali anthu otchuka:

• Logan 433 carats (kuposa 85 g). Yazunguliridwa ndi diamondi, imadulidwa khushoni. Kumveka kwake kwapadera komanso kukongola kwake kumatha kuyamikiridwa ku Smithsonian Institution ku Washington (kumanzere kumanzere).

 

• Fairy star waku India yolemera 563 carats (pansi) ndiEtoile de Minuit, 116 carats (ci-dessus à droite), étonnante par sa couleur violet-pourpre. Ces deux merveilles adawonekera ku Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de New-York.

Indian cashmere

Ichi ndi chosowa choyambirira chosungira, chomwe, mwatsoka, chatha pafupifupi zaka makumi anayi. Sapphires, opangidwa kuchokera ku kaolinite, amakumbidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumtunda wa Kashmir pamtunda wa mamita oposa 4500 pamwamba pa nyanja. Buluu wozama kwambiri, amatengedwa kuti ndi okongola kwambiri kuposa onse. Masiku ano miyala ya safiro yotchedwa "Kashmiri" nthawi zambiri imachokera ku Burma.

Myanmar (Burma)

Dera la Mogok, komwe kuli miyala yamtengo wapatali, lilinso ndi miyala ya safiro ya pegmatite. M’mbuyomu, miyala ya safiro yambiri ya Kum’maŵa inachokera ku ufumu wodziimira pawokha wa Pegu, womwe uli kumpoto chakum’maŵa kwa likulu lamakono la Rangoon.

Smithsonian Institution ku Washington ikuwonetsa zokongola za safiro zaku Burmese: Star of Asia yolemera 330 carats, buluu wapakati wakuda.

Таиланд

Zotulutsa kuchokera ku basalt Chanthaburi Region and Kanchanaburi Region, safiro abwino, buluu wakuda kapena buluu wobiriwira, nthawi zina ndi nyenyezi. Palinso miyala ya safiro yamitundumitundu.

Australia

Sapphire amakumbidwa kuchokera ku miyala ya basalt Queensland kuyambira 1870 ndi migodi ya NSW kuyambira 1918. Ubwino wawo nthawi zambiri umakhala wapakati, koma zitsanzo zosowa zokhala ndi pafupifupi nyenyezi zakuda zapezeka pamenepo.

State of Montana (USA)

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, ku Missouri pafupi ndi Helena, inayamba mu 1894, kenaka inatha mu 1920, kenaka inayambiranso mwa apo ndi apo mu 1985.

France

Le Mbiri yakale ya Puy-en-Velay ku Haute-Loire akugulitsidwa, koma akanapereka Europe ndi safiro ndi garnet kalekale. Posachedwapa a Kupezeka kwa miyala ya safiro pansi pa mtsinje pafupi ndi Issoire ku Puy-de-Dome kunayambitsa kufufuza kosangalatsa kwa sayansi. Ndikofunikira kufufuza njira ya miyala kuti mupeze chiyambi chawo choyambirira, ndiko kuti, malo obadwirako, pakati pa mapiri osawerengeka a Auvergne.

Pakati pa mayiko ena obala, South Africa, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania ndi Zimbabwe amapezeka ku Africa; Brazil ndi Colombia ku America; Cambodia ndi China ku Asia.

Etymology ya dzina la Sapphire.

Mawu akuti safiro amabwera Chilatini safiro amachokera ku Chigriki safiro ("mwala"). Chiheberi bile ndi syriaque safila ndithudi amapanga magwero akale kwambiri a mawuwa. Timapeza m'zinenero zakale spa wojambula amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza choyamba "zinthu zamoto"ndiye "kuwoneka bwino", ndiyeno kuwonjezera "zinthu zabwino".

Chimodzi mwa zolembedwa pamanja za Bestiary, zolembedwa ndi amonke-ndakatulo Philip waku Taon pafupifupi 1120/1130 lolembedwa m'Chifalansa, kholo la chilankhulo cha Chifalansa. Timakumana koyamba ndi safiro mu mawonekedwe ake achi French: Safira. Patapita nthawi, mu Renaissance, timaona mu dikishonale ". Chikhalidwe cha French "Kuti Jean Nicot (yodziwika chifukwa choyambitsa fodya ku France) mawonekedwe osiyana pang'ono: safiro. 

L'adjectif saphirin, ou plus rare saphiréen, caractérise pour sa part toute chose de la couleur du saphir. Kale panali chotsukira m'maso cha buluu chotchedwa madzi a sapphirine.

Safira m'mbiri

Le Saphir dans l'Antiquite

Safira amatchulidwa kangapo mu Chipangano Chakale, makamaka mu Eksodo.. Nthawi zambiri amanena kuti Mapale a Chilamulo anali opangidwa ndi safiro. Ndipotu, safiro alibe chochita ndi zinthu za Matebulo. Izi zikukhudza masomphenya a Mulungu kudzera mwa Mose ndi anzake:

Anaona Mulungu wa Isiraeli; pansi pa mapazi ake anali ngati ntchito yonyezimira ya safiro, ngati thambo loyera poyera.

Choncho, kutchulidwa kwa safiro kumamveka bwino komanso kumalola tcherani khutu ku zakale za chizindikiro cha mwala. Blue safire nthawi zonse kugwirizana ndi mphamvu yakumwamba : Indra ku India, Zeus kapena Jupiter pakati pa Agiriki ndi Aroma.

Sapphire wakale samagwirizana nthawi zonse ndi blue corundum. . safiro Katswiri wachi Greek Theophrastus (- 300 BC) ndi safiro Pliny Wamkulu (1st century AD) ndizodabwitsa. Malongosoledwe awo a madontho agolide pa maziko a buluu ali ngati lapis lazuli. Ma corundums a ku Ceylon, omwe amadziwika kuyambira 800 BC, ali m'malo mwake buluu, ku aeroid ya Aroma, kapena ku hyakinthus kwa Agiriki.

Kalekale, kukula kwa mtunduwo kunkagwirizana ndi zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi. Choncho, miyala ya safiro yakuda yakuda imatengedwa kuti ndi yamphongo, pamene miyala yopyapyala yamtengo wapatali imatengedwa kuti ndi yachikazi.

Pali miyala ya safiro yakale yowerengeka. Le département des antiques de la Bibliothèque Nationale conserve une intaille égyptienne (gravure en creux) du 2ème siècle avant JC représentant la tête bouclée d'une reine ou d'une princesse ptolémaïque. On y voit également une intaille représenant l'empereur roman Pertinax qui regna trois mois mu 193.

Pankhani ya phindu, safiro amathetsa mutu komanso kutonthoza maso (makhalidwe omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi miyala ya buluu). Dioscorides, dokotala wachi Greek komanso wazamankhwala (zaka za zana la 1 AD), wotsogola wa lithotherapy, amalimbikitsa safiro wothira wothira mkaka kuti azichiritsa zithupsa ndi mabala ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo.

Sapphire mu Middle Ages

Kuchokera m’zaka za m’ma XNUMX, makamu a Afulanki, Mavisigoth ndi ogonjetsa ena anakhazikika m’dera lathu, akubweretsa luso lawo. Anadziwa njira yovuta yopangira zodzikongoletsera yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ku Egypt pa nthawi ya afarao: cloisonné. Izi zimakhala ndi kupanga zipinda zopyapyala pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa kapena golide pomanga miyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Njira iyi idzasungidwa muzojambula za Merovingians ndi Carolingians. Mu Abbey of Saint-Maurice ku Switzerland, mutha kusilira bokosi lokhala ndi zotsalira za Teiderich, mtsuko wotchedwa "Charlemagne" ndi vase yotchedwa "Saint-Martin", yokongoletsedwa ndi safiro.

Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi ziwiri mankhwala akale amalimbikitsa ubwino wa safiro, wodziwika kuyambira kalekale:

Zimagwirizanitsa anthu bwino kwambiri ... zimaziziritsa munthu yemwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu m'thupi, zimachotsa litsiro ndi zonyansa kuchokera m'maso ndikuyeretsa. Ndi zothandiza kwa mutu (mutu) komanso kwa munthu amene ali ndi mpweya woipa.

« Khalani oyera, aukhondo, opanda banga pamene muvala mikhalidwe yofunikira kuti mulandire zopindulazi.

Sapphire ndi mwala waufulu ngati mkaidi ali ndi mwayi wokhala nawo m'ndende yawo. Chomwe ayenera kuchita ndi kupaka mwala pa maunyolo ake ndi mbali zinayi za ndende. Chikhulupiriro chakalechi tingachiyerekeze ndi dziko lobisika alchemists, amene ankaona safiro mwala wa mpweya. Chifukwa chake mawu akuti "seweretsani mtsikana wamlengalenga"?

Matchalitchi Achikristu amavomereza miyala ya safiro yakumwamba. Chizindikiro cha chiyero, nthawi zambiri chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Namwali Mariya. Makadinala amavala ku dzanja lawo lamanja. Mfumu yopembedza ya ku England, Edward the Confessor, amachitanso chimodzimodzi. Malinga ndi nthano, anapereka mphete yake, yokongoletsedwa ndi safiro wokongola, kwa wopemphapempha. Munthu wosauka ameneyu anali St. Mu Dziko Lopatulika, Yohane Woyera amapereka mphete kwa amwendamnjira awiri, omwe amawabwezera kwa mfumu ya Chingerezi.

Mfumuyi idavomerezedwa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Pamene manda ake atsegulidwa, safiro amachotsedwa chala chake. Wovekedwa korona ndi mtanda wa Malta, Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1838, Sapphire ya St. Edward yaveka korona wa Mfumukazi Victoria ndi omwe adalowa m'malo mwake..

Ku Italy, Nyumba Yopatulika ya Loreto (Sainte-Maison de Lorette) idzakhaladi nyumba ya Mary. Ku Nazarete, malo amenewa asinthidwa kukhala tchalitchi kuyambira nthawi ya atumwi. Ankhondo a Mtanda othamangitsidwa ku Palestine analinganiza kuti nyumbayo isamutsidwe ku Italy pa boti pakati pa 1291 ndi 1294. Makoma atatu amiyala anasandulika tchalitchi cholemera, ndipo kwa zaka mazana ambiri zopereka za amwendamnjira zakhala chuma chenicheni.

Mu lipoti la 1786 lomwe linapangidwira Madame Elisabeth, mlongo wa Louis XVI, Abbé de Binos adanena kuti adawona safiro wokondweretsa kumeneko. Zikuoneka kuti zinali zotalika mita imodzi ndi theka pansi pa mapazi awiri (piramidi ndi pafupifupi 45 cm x 60 cm). Kukokomeza kapena zenizeni? Palibe amene akudziwa, chifukwa lero chuma chatha.

Le Louvre akuwulula chipembedzo chanu chachipembedzo ornée de saphirs datant du XVème siècle: "le Tableau de la Trinité". Uwu ndi mtundu wa zodzikongoletsera zopachikidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Sapphires ndiwofala kwambiri, wamkulu kwambiri wojambulidwa mu intaglio wokhala ndi chithunzi cha Joan waku Navarre, Mfumukazi ya ku England mu 1403. Amapereka mphatso iyi kwa Mtsogoleri wa Brittany, mwana wake wamwamuna. Anne waku Brittany apereka cholowa chake ku Royal Treasury yaku France pokwatirana ndi Charles VIII.

Sapphire amakongoletsa zodzikongoletsera ndi zinthu zothandiza. Amaperekedwa molemera ndi zikho (galasi lalikulu looneka ngati vase wokhala ndi chivindikiro): zikho zopangidwa ndi siliva wonyezimira, zokhala pamyendo ngati kasupe, zokongoletsedwa ndi garnets ziwiri ndi safiro khumi ndi limodzi ... zipatso kapena duwa), zokongoletsedwa ndi duwa lagolide ndi ngale zokhala ndi safiro wamkulu pakati. Masafirowa omwe amapezeka m'mabuku achifumu samachokera Kum'mawa.

Sapphire Puy-en-Velay

Malo ambiri a safiro omwe amapezeka m'mabwalo achifumu ku Europe amachokera ku Le Puy-en-Velay. Mtsinje wotchedwa Rio Pesuyo pafupi ndi mudzi wa Espaly-Saint-Marseille umadziwika kuyambira zaka za zana la XNUMX chifukwa chokhala ndi miyala ya safiro ndi magarnet. Mafumu a ku France, Charles VI ndi Charles VII, amayendera malowa pafupipafupi kukagula zinthu kumeneko. Bishopu wa Le Puy, yemwenso anali wosonkhanitsa miyala ya safiro, anawakhazika m’nyumba ya maepiskopi.

Sapphire amakololedwa pamene mtsinje watsala pang'ono kuuma. Alimi akuyang'ana madamu akuya kwambiri, kutsuka ndi kusefa miyala. “Tchimo lodabwitsa” limeneli linapitirira kwa zaka mazana angapo. Buku la mineralogy limatiuza kuti mu 1753 panalibe munthu wochokera kumudzi kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi " fufuzani ma hiyacinths ndi safiro .

Sapphire ya Le Puy, yotchedwa "safiro wochokera ku France", ndi safiro ya ku Ulaya yokha. Ikhoza kukhala mtundu wokongola kwambiri wa buluu ndi madzi okongola, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda kuwala ndipo imakopa ndi utoto wobiriwira. Simapikisana kwenikweni ndi safiro wakum'mawa, koma ali ndi mwayi wokhala wotsika mtengo. Ma safiro a Puy-en-Velay akhala chidwi, ndipo malo osungiramo zinthu zakale omwe amasungidwamo ndi osowa.

Nthawi yatsopano ndi safiro

Le bien-nomme "Grand Saphir" anajambula ndi zolemba za Louis XIV mu 1669. Ngati palibe ntchito yolembedwa pamarekodi, nthawi zambiri imatengedwa ngati mphatso. Mphatso yokongola iyi ya 135 carat velvet yabuluu yokhala ndi zowoneka zofiirira imachokera ku Ceylon. Grand Sapphire imatsamira kunja kwa thunthu kangapo kuti iwonetsere odutsa olemekezeka. Kenako amachiika mufelemu lagolide pafupi ndi bwenzi lake, diamondi yabuluu.

Kwa nthawi yayitali ankakhulupirira kuti mwala uwu ndi mwala waiwisi. Mu 1801, katswiri wa mineralogist René-Just Gahuy adawona izi mwalawo wadutsa pang'onopang'ono, kudula mosamala ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe ndi mawonekedwe a diamondi oyambirira. Chiyambireni kulandidwa, Grand Saphir sinasinthidwenso. Itha kuwonedwa ku Museum of Natural History ku Paris.

Le Grand Saphir est fréquemment confondu avec le saphir de "Ruspoli" mais i s'agit de deux gemmes différentes. Kulemera kwa Ruspoli kumakhala kofanana, koma kudulidwa kuli kosiyana (kofanana ndi khushoni). Amachokeranso ku Ceylon, kumene, malinga ndi mwambo, amayenera kupezedwa ndi munthu wosauka wogulitsa spoons zamatabwa. Dzinali limachokera kwa kalonga waku Italy Francesco Ruspoli, m'modzi mwa eni ake odziwika. Safire ameneyu anali ndi ulendo wosangalatsa : anagulitsidwa kwa wopanga miyala yamtengo wapatali wa ku France, ndipo kenako anali mwini wake wolemera Harry Hope, Royal Treasury ya Russia, ndiyeno Korona wa Romania. Pomaliza adagulitsidwa kwa wogula waku America cha m'ma 1950, sitikudziwa zomwe zidamuchitikira kuyambira pamenepo.

Chiyambi cha ntchito yodziwika bwino ya safiro ya Mfumukazi Marie-Amelie, mkazi wa Louis Philippe, ilinso ndichinsinsi. Louis-Philippe, akadali Mtsogoleri wa Orléans, anagula miyala yamtengo wapatali imeneyi kwa Mfumukazi Hortense, mwana wamkazi wa Mfumukazi Josephine ndi mwana wamkazi wa Napoleon Woyamba. 1985.

Mu 1938, mnyamata wina anapeza mwala wakuda wokongola kwambiri wolemera 200 g ku Australia. Mwalawu umakhala m’nyumbamo kwa zaka zambiri ndipo akuti umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsekera pakhomo. Abambo, mwana, maliza zindikirani kuti ndi safiro wakuda.

Idzagulitsidwa $ 18,000 kwa Harry Kazanjan wodzikongoletsera, akukhulupirira kuti pali asterism kumbuyo kwa kukongola kwamdima. Kudulidwa kosakhwima komanso koopsa kumawulula bwino nyenyezi yosayembekezeka ya rutile. Black Star ya ku Queensland, yolemera 733 carats, imakhala nyenyezi yaikulu kwambiri ya safiro padziko lapansi. Anayamikiridwa m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakale osiyanasiyana panthawi ya ziwonetsero zosakhalitsa. Estimé aujourd'hui à 100 millions de dollars, il a toujours appartenu à des particuliers fortunés et n'a plus été présenté depuis longtemps.

Ubwino ndi ubwino wa safiro mu lithotherapy

Masiku ano lithotherapy imatengera safiro chithunzi cha chowonadi, nzeru ndi mgwirizano. Ndibwino kuti muchepetse mkwiyo ndi kusaleza mtima, kubweretsa bata, bata ndi clairvoyance mumalingaliro. Zimagwira ntchito pa chakras zonse.

Ubwino wa Sapphire Polimbana ndi Matenda Athupi

• Amachepetsa mutu waching'alang'ala ndi mutu
• Amachepetsa ululu wa rheumatic, sciatica
• Amapanganso khungu, misomali ndi tsitsi
• Amachiza malungo ndi kutupa
• Limbikitsani dongosolo la veinux
• Amawongolera kukha magazi
• Amathetsa sinusitis, bronchitis
• Kuwongolera zovuta za masomphenya, makamaka conjunctivitis
• Kumalimbikitsa nyonga

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka kwa mutu ndi khutu, kuyeretsa khungu, kulimbana ndi ziphuphu, komanso kulimbikitsa misomali ndi tsitsi.

Ubwino wa safiro pa psyche ndi maubale

• Kumalimbikitsa kukwezedwa kwauzimu, kudzoza ndi kusinkhasinkha
• Amachepetsa ntchito yamaganizo
• Tsitsani mkwiyo
• Amalimbikitsa dynamism
• Leve la cranee
• Kumalimbikitsa ndende, zilandiridwenso
• Amachepetsa maganizo
• Redonne joie de vivre, enthousiasme
• Kumakulitsa kudzidalira ndi kupirira
• Amayang'anira hyperactivity
• Zimawonjezera zilakolako
• Kumalimbitsa chifuniro, kulimbika mtima
• Imalimbikitsa kugona komanso maloto abwino

Kuyeretsa ndi kulipiritsa safiro

Ma corundums onse amatsukidwa ndi madzi amchere, osungunuka kapena osungunuka. Kubwezeretsanso kumachitika padzuwa, pansi pa kuwala kwa mwezi kapena pamtundu wa quartz.