Katundu ndi ubwino wa hematite

Chofala kwambiri padziko lapansi, hematite imapezekanso mochuluka ku Mars. Mu mawonekedwe a ufa wofiira, amakongoletsa dziko lonse lapansi. Pali zigawo za Mars zomwe zimakutidwa ndi hematites ngati makristasi akuluakulu achitsulo, ndipo asayansi akudabwa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri, ndi gawo la mineralogical lomwe limafuna kukhudzana ndi madzi panthawi yomwe amapangidwira. Ndiye mtundu wakale wa moyo, chomera, nyama kapena china chake ndi chotheka ...

Hematite, mwina chisonyezero cha moyo ku Mars, yatsagana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa anthu padziko lapansi kuyambira nthawi zakale kwambiri mbiri yakale. Zokhumudwitsa m'njira zambiri," ndiroleni ine ndichite chinachake ikhoza kukhala yopyapyala kapena yofewa kwambiri, yosalala kapena yonyezimira. Mitundu yake imatinyenganso monga moto pansi pa phulusa, zofiira nthawi zambiri zimabisika kuseri kwa imvi ndi zakuda.

Zodzikongoletsera ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi hematite

Makhalidwe a mineralological a hematite

Hematite, yomwe ili ndi mpweya ndi chitsulo, ndi oxide. Chifukwa chake, imakhala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali ya rubi ndi safiro, koma ilibe chiyambi chofanana kapena chosowa chofanana. Ndi chitsulo chodziwika bwino kwambiri. Amachokera ku miyala ya sedimentary, m'miyala ya metamorphic (mapangidwe ake asintha ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kapena kuthamanga kwakukulu), m'madera a hydrothermal, kapena fumaroles ya volcanic. Chitsulo chomwe chili mkati mwake ndi chochepa kwambiri kuposa cha magnetite, chimatha kufika 70%.

Kuuma kwa hematite ndi pafupifupi (kuyambira 5 mpaka 6 pamlingo wa 10-point). Ndi infusible komanso kugonjetsedwa ndi zidulo. Kuchokera kumdima wonyezimira mpaka kunyezimira kwachitsulo, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino omwe nthawi zambiri imakhala imvi, yakuda, kapena yofiirira, nthawi zina imatsagana ndi kunyezimira kofiira. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri, imakhala yofiira kwambiri.

Izi zimawululidwa poyang'ana mzere wa hematite, ndiye kuti, mzere womwe watsalira pambuyo pa kukangana kwa porcelain yaiwisi (mbali yakumbuyo ya tile). Mosasamala mtundu, hematite nthawi zonse imasiya chitumbuwa chofiira kapena chofiira chofiirira. Chizindikiro ichi chimamuzindikiritsa iye motsimikiza.

Hematite, mosiyana ndi dzina loyenerera la magnetite, si maginito, koma imatha kukhala yofooka maginito ikatenthedwa. Miyala yomwe molakwika imatchedwa "magnetic hematites" kwenikweni ndi "hematines" yotengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopanga.

maonekedwe

Maonekedwe a hematite amasiyana kwambiri kutengera zinthu zokhudzana ndi kapangidwe kake, malo ake, ndi kutentha komwe kulipo panthawi yomwe idapangidwa. Timawona mbale zoonda kapena zokhuthala, misampha ya granular, mizati, makhiristo aafupi, ndi zina zambiri. Mafomu ena ndi apadera kwambiri kotero kuti ali ndi mayina awoawo:

• Rosa de Fer: hematite yooneka ngati rosette, yodabwitsa komanso yosowa kwambiri.
• Zodabwitsa: Mirror-ngati hematite, mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino a lenticular amawonetsa kuwala.
• Wophunzira: makhiristo opangidwa bwino, mchere wokongoletsera wabwino kwambiri.
• Red ocher: dongo ndi nthaka mawonekedwe mu mawonekedwe a mbewu zazing'ono ndi zofewa, ntchito ngati pigment kuyambira nthawi mbiri isanayambe.

Kuphatikizika kwa hematite mu miyala ina monga rutile, jasper kapena quartz kumapereka zotsatira zochititsa chidwi ndipo zimafunidwa kwambiri. Timadziwanso heliolite yokongola, yotchedwa sunstone, yomwe imawala chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa hematite flakes.

Provenance

Makhiristo akuluakulu komanso odabwitsa kwambiri a hematite adakumbidwa ku Brazil. Ogwira ntchito m'migodi apeza kuphatikiza kosowa kwa hematite wakuda ndi rutile wachikasu ku Itabira, Minas Gerais. Palinso itabirite yosowa kwambiri, yomwe ndi mica schist momwe mica flakes imasinthidwa ndi hematite.

Malo ena opindulitsa kwambiri kapena odziwika ndi awa: North America (Michigan, Minnesota, Lake Superior), Venezuela, South Africa, Liberia, Australia, New Zealand, China, Bangladesh, India, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, Italy (Elba Island), Switzerland (St. Gotthard), France ( Puis de la Tache, Auvergne. Framont-Grandfontaine, Vosges. Bourg-d'Oisans, Alps).

Etymology ndi tanthauzo la dzina "hematite".

Dzina lake limachokera ku Chilatini hematites ilo lokha likuchokera ku Chigriki. Pancreas (anayimba). Dzina limeneli, ndithudi, likuimira mtundu wofiira wa ufa wake, umene umakongoletsa madzi ndi kuoneka ngati magazi. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi, hematite imalowa m'gulu lalikulu la mawu monga: hematoma, hemophilia, kutaya magazi ndi hemoglobin ina ...

Mu French nthawi zina amatchedwa mophweka mwala wamagazi. M'Chijeremani, hematite imatchedwanso bloodstein. Chingerezi chofanana heliotrope chosungidwa kwaheliotrope, timachipeza pansi pa mawu akuti hematite m'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi.

The lapidaries a Middle Ages anamutcha ".hematite"kapena nthawi zina"mudakondachifukwa chake chisokonezo ndi ametusito ndizotheka. Pambuyo pake adatchedwa mwala wa hematite.

Masamba oligarch, yomwe nthawi zambiri imasungidwa ngati hematite mumakhiristo akulu, idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka za zana la XNUMX kutanthauza hematite wamba. René-Just Gahuy, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa mineralogist, adapatsa dzinali, lochokera ku Greek. oligist, kutanthauza kuti " ochepa ". Kodi ichi ndi chithunzithunzi cha kuchuluka kwa kristalo kapena chitsulo chake? Maganizo anagawanika.

Hematite m'mbiri

M'mbiri yakale

Ojambula oyamba ndi Homo sapiens, ndipo utoto woyamba ndi ocher. Kale kwambiri isanafike nthawiyi, hematite mu mawonekedwe a red ocher ndithu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa thupi. Chikhumbo chokokera pa sing'anga osati iweyo kapena achibale ake chidawuka ndikuwongolera njirayo: kuphwanya miyala ndikuyisungunula m'madzi kapena mafuta.

Njati ndi mphalapala kuphanga la Chauvet (zaka pafupifupi 30.000) ndi Phanga la Lascaux (zaka pafupifupi 20.000) zimakokedwa ndikupakidwa utoto wofiira. Imakololedwa kapena kupezedwa ndi kutentha kwa goethite, ocher wachikasu wamba. Migodi yoyamba ya hematite idagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake, pafupifupi zaka 10.000 zapitazo.

M'zitukuko za Perisiya, Babuloni ndi Aigupto

Anthu a ku Perisiya ndi ku Babulo ankagwiritsa ntchito grey hematite ndipo n’kutheka kuti ankati anali ndi mphamvu zamatsenga. chifukwa cha zinthu izi masilindala-mascots nthawi zambiri amapangidwa. Makamaka, masilinda ang'onoang'ono azaka za 4.000 BC apezeka. Amazokotedwa ndi zizindikiro za cuneiform, amalasidwa motsatizana ndi nkhwangwa kuti avale pakhosi.

Aigupto ankagoba hematite ndipo ankaona kuti ndi mwala wamtengo wapatali., makhiristo okongola kwambiri amakumbidwa m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nile komanso m'migodi ya Nubia. Azimayi olemera a ku Aigupto amasema magalasi kuchokera ku hematite yonyezimira kwambiri ndipo amapaka milomo yawo ndi ocher wofiira. Ufa wa Hematite umalepheretsanso zotsatira zosafunikira: matenda, adani ndi mizimu yoyipa. Timafalikira paliponse, makamaka kutsogolo kwa zitseko.

Diluted hematite ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera maso. Chithunzi chojambulidwa pamanda a ku Deir el-Medina ku Thebes chikusonyeza malo omanga kachisi. Tikuwona wogwira ntchito yemwe wavulala m'maso akuthandizidwa ndi dotolo ndi ma flasks ndi zida zake. Pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera, wasayansiyo amaika dontho la diso lofiira la hematite m’diso la wodwalayo.

Mu Greek ndi Roma wakale

Agiriki ndi Aroma amanena ubwino womwewo wa hematite, monga momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mu mawonekedwe ophwanyidwa "kuti athetse kugwedezeka kwa maso." Kapangidwe kameneka, komwe kamachitiridwa ndi hematite m'nthawi zakale, mwina adachokera ku nthano ya mwala wokongola kwambiri wotchedwa hematite. uchi wa lapis (mwala wa Medes). Amedi, anthu otukuka akale omwe anali pafupi ndi Aperisi, ayenera kuti anali ndi hematite yobiriwira mozizwitsa yobiriwira yomwe imatha kubwezeretsa kuwona kwa akhungu ndi kuchiritsa gout pouviika mu mkaka wa nkhosa.

Hematite ya pulverized imachiritsanso kuwotcha, matenda a chiwindi, ndipo ikuwoneka ngati yopindulitsa kwa ovulala omwe amakhetsa magazi pankhondo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa mawonekedwe a vinyo wosasa wa hemoptysis, matenda a ndulu, magazi am'mimba, komanso motsutsana ndi ziphe ndi kulumidwa ndi njoka.

Hematite idzabweretsanso zabwino zina zosayembekezereka. Inatsegula misampha ya akunja pasadakhale, kulowererapo bwino pazopempha zopita kwa akalonga, ndikutsimikizira zotulukapo zabwino pamilandu ndi makhoti.

Mitundu yofiira ya ocher pigment akachisi achi Greek ndi zojambula zabwino kwambiri. Aroma ankachitcha kuti rubriki (pakati pa France ankatchedwanso rubriki kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri). Theophrastus, wophunzira wa Aristotle, akufotokoza hematite " wandiweyani ndi wosasinthasintha, womwe, kuweruza ndi dzina, uli ndi magazi ophwanyika. ", pa Virgil ndi Pliny amakondwerera kukongola ndi kuchuluka kwa hematites kuchokera ku Ethiopia ndi chilumba cha Elba.

Mu Middle Ages

M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, hematite ya ufa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utoto wapadera - grisaille. Mazenera agalasi okhala ndi utoto, zaluso za matchalitchi athu a Gothic ndi matchalitchi, amapangidwa ndi utoto wagalasi uwu. Kukula kwake ndi kochenjera komanso kovuta, koma kunena mophweka, ndi chisakanizo cha pigment ya ufa ndi fusible galasi, komanso ufa, womangidwa ndi madzi (vinyo, viniga, kapena mkodzo).

Kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XNUMX, zokambiranazo zakhala zikupanga mtundu watsopano wagalasi, kutengera hematite, sanguine "Jean Cousin", yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nkhope za otchulidwa. Pambuyo pake, makrayoni ndi mapensulo anapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, omwe anali otchuka kwambiri pa nthawi ya Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci anazigwiritsira ntchito pokonzekera, ndipo ngakhale lero, choko chofiira chimalemekezedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kumasulira kokongola kwa zojambulazo ndi mpweya wofunda umene umachokera kwa iwo. Mitundu yolimba ya hematite imagwiritsidwa ntchito popukuta zitsulo, imatchedwa "mwala wopukuta".

Jean de Mandeville, wolemba wazaka za zana la XNUMX lapidary workshop, akutiuza za zabwino zina za hematite. Pali kupitiliza ndi zisonyezo za hematite ku Antiquity:

« Mwala wofiyira wamtundu wachitsulo wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yamagazi. Timapangira les cuteaulx (kunola mpeni), timapanga mowa wabwino kwambiri wa esclarsir la veüe (masomphenya). Ufa wa mwala umenewu wokhala ndi madzi a beüe (abuluu) umachiritsa amene amasanza magazi m’kamwa. Kuthandiza polimbana ndi gout, kumapangitsa amayi onenepa kunyamula ana awo mpaka kutha msinkhu, kuchiritsa kutulutsa magazi m'thupi, kumateteza kumaliseche kwa akazi (kusamba kwa msambo), kumalimbana ndi kulumidwa ndi njoka, komanso kumwa kumathetsa miyala yachikhodzodzo. »

Masiku ano

M'zaka za zana la XNUMX, a Duke de Chaulnes, katswiri wazachilengedwe komanso wazamankhwala, adatiuza kuti hematite idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga "Martian liqueur aperitif". Palinso hematite "styptic mowa" (astringent), "magisterium" (mineral potion), hematite mafuta ndi mapiritsi!

Langizo lomaliza kuti mupindule ndi "kuyatsa mopepuka, ma thovu ochepa, osakhalanso. Kenako imatsukidwa kangapo, ngakhale isanachotsedwepo, chifukwa pali kusiyana kwamphamvu ndi mtundu pakati pa hematite yochapitsidwa ndi yosawotchedwa.

Ubwino ndi katundu wa hematite mu lithotherapy

Hematite, mwala wamagazi, sutenga dzina lake. Iron oxide, yomwe ili mbali yake, imazunguliranso m'magazi athu ndikukongoletsa moyo wathu ndi zofiira. Kuperewera kwachitsulo kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndipo kumabweretsa kutopa, kuzizira, kutaya mphamvu. Hematite imanyalanyaza zophophonya izi, imakhala ndi mphamvu, mamvekedwe komanso mphamvu zosungidwa. Limapereka yankho ku matenda onse a magazi ndipo limapereka maluso ena ambiri othandiza pankhani ya lithotherapy.

Ubwino wa Hematite pa Zovuta Zathupi

Hematite imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu lithotherapy chifukwa chobwezeretsa, tonic ndi kuyeretsa. Analimbikitsa makamaka mankhwala mikhalidwe yokhudzana ndi magazi, machiritso a chilonda, kusinthika kwa maselo ndi machiritso ambiri.

• Kulimbana ndi kusokonezeka kwa magazi: mitsempha ya varicose, zotupa, matenda a Raynaud
• Amachepetsa mutu waching'alang'ala ndi mutu wina
• Imawongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Imalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa iron (anemia)
• amayeretsa magazi
• Amachotsa poizoni m'chiwindi
• Imayendetsa ntchito ya impso
• Hemostatic effect (kuchuluka kwa msambo, magazi)
• Imalimbikitsa machiritso a mabala ndi kusinthika kwa ma cell
• amathetsa hematomas
• Kuchepetsa zizindikiro za spasmophilia (kukomoka, kusakhazikika)
• Kuchepetsa mavuto a maso (kukwiya, conjunctivitis)

Ubwino wa hematite pa psyche ndi maubale

Mwala wothandizira ndi mgwirizano, hematite imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu lithotherapy chifukwa cha zotsatira zake zabwino pa psyche pamagulu angapo. Izo ziyenera kudziŵika kutiAmagwirizana bwino ndi Rose Quartz.

• Amabwezeretsa kulimba mtima, mphamvu ndi chiyembekezo
• Kumalimbikitsa kudzidziwitsa nokha ndi ena
• Limbitsani kukhudzika mtima
• Kumawonjezera kudzidalira ndi mphamvu
• Chepetsani manyazi akazi
• Kumawonjezera kuganizira ndi kukumbukira
• Imathandizira kuphunzira maphunziro aukadaulo ndi masamu
• Amathandizira kuthana ndi zizolowezi ndi zokakamiza (kusuta, mowa, bulimia, etc.)
• Amachepetsa khalidwe lopondereza komanso lokwiya
• Amachepetsa mantha komanso amalimbikitsa kugona kwabwino

Hematite imagwirizana ndi chakras zonse, ndizo makamaka zogwirizana ndi chakras zotsatirazi: 1st chakra rasina (muladhara chakra), 2 sacred chakra (svadisthana chakra) and 4th chakra heart (anahata chakra).

Kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsanso

Hematite imatsukidwa pomizidwa mu galasi kapena chotengera chadothi chodzazidwamadzi osungunuka kapena amchere pang'ono. Akungotsegulanso padzuwa kapena pagulu la quartz kapena mkati amethyst geode.