Veles

Kwa zaka masauzande ambiri, mibadwo yotsatizana inauzana nthano zopeka za milungu yodabwitsa kapena mizimu yoyipa ndi zilombo. Masiku ano, chikhalidwe cha pop chimayang'aniridwa ndi Greek Olympus ndi Zeus pamutu. Komabe, ife Asilavo sitiyenera kuiwala za nthano zathu, zomwe, ngakhale sizinafufuzidwe mokwanira ndipo zimasiyidwa mwachisawawa, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Nthawi ino za mulungu yemwe adadziwika ndi woweta ng'ombe, ndi kwinakwake ndi imfa ndi dziko lapansi - kukumana ndi Veles!

Veles (kapena Volos) amatchulidwa m'magwero aku Czech kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XNUMX - XNUMX ndipo amadziwika kuti ali ndi chiwanda. M’malemba amenewa, ofufuza apeza zolembedwa za malumbiro a kyveles ik welesu, omwe amagwirizana ndi ki satana wathu ndi gehena. Malinga ndi kunena kwa akatswiri ena a nthano, izi zimasonyeza kutchuka kwakukulu kwa mulungu ameneyu. Alexander Brückner, m'modzi mwa akatswiri olemba mbiri yakale aku Poland, nawonso amagawana mfundoyi. Akunena kuti mgwirizano womwe tatchulawa wa Veles ndi ng'ombe unayambitsidwa ndi kulakwitsa pamene, kumapeto kwa nyengo yachikunja, Veles analakwitsa ndi St. Vlas (Saint Vlas), woyera woyang'anira ng'ombe. M'malo mwake, Brueckner amalozera ku kufanana kwakukulu kwa Welinas Lithuanian, kutanthauza "mdierekezi," choncho amamugwirizanitsa ndi mulungu wa imfa ndi dziko lapansi. Mawu oterowo angafotokoze chifukwa chimene analumbirira. Panali miyambo yokhudzana ndi mulungu wachinsinsi. Asilavo sanali okonzeka kulumbira, koma pamene adalumbira, adatenga dzikolo m'manja mwawo. Rusyns anawaza mutu wonse ndi turf, ndiko kuti, mpira wa udzu ndi nthaka.

Tsoka ilo, chidziwitso chonsechi sichingatsimikizidwe zana limodzi mwa magawo zana, chifukwa magwero omwe ali pamwambawa sali odalirika kwathunthu, kotero Brueckner ndi ofufuza ena ayenera kuti adagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ambiri. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti panalinso msasa wa akatswiri a nthano omwe ankatsutsa kuti Veles kapena Volos kulibe konse! Malinga ndi iwo, okhawo omwe atchulidwa kale a St. Mwini. Kupembedza kwake kunayamba ndi Agiriki a Byzantine, kenako adadutsa ndi mphamvu zake zonse ku Balkan, kenako kwa Asilavo a Rusyn, kotero kuti pamapeto Veles adatha kuima pafupi ndi imodzi mwa milungu yayikulu kwambiri ya Asilavo - Perun. .

Veles mwamwambo amakhala ngati mdani wa Perun, yemwe adapulumuka pambuyo pa Chikhristu mu nthano monga nkhani za mkangano pakati pa Mulungu ndi mdierekezi (chifukwa chake maziko ozindikiritsa Njoka ndi Veles) komanso St. Nicholas ndi Mulungu kapena St. Kapena ine. Cholinga ichi chikugwirizana ndi dongosolo la Indo-European la mpikisano pakati pa milungu iwiri yapamwamba ndi yotsutsana.

Kodi chisokonezo choterocho chingabwere bwanji poyerekezera manambala aŵiri? Mwina izi ndichifukwa chakusintha kwazilankhulo komwe kunachitika cha m'ma XNUMX AD. Panthawiyo, Asilavo ankagwiritsa ntchito chinenero cha Chisilavo Chakale, chomwe chinali chinenero choyambirira chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'derali, ndipo zinenero za Asilavo, kuphatikizapo Chipolishi, zinayambira. Mwachidule, ndondomekoyi inachititsa kuti Vlas yoyambirira ituluke ku Wallachia. Apa ndipamene vuto lotchulidwalo lingabwere.

Monga mukuonera, milungu ya Asilavo ndi chiyambi chawo akadali chinsinsi. Zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha zolemba zolembedwa, zomwe ngakhale zochepa zimakhala zodalirika. Kwa zaka zambiri, zopanga zambiri za akatswiri a nthano zocheperako pang'ono zawonekera pamutu wa zikhulupiriro za Asilavo, kotero tsopano ndizovuta kwambiri kulekanitsa mbewu ndi mankhusu. Komabe, tikhoza kukhala otsimikiza za chinthu chimodzi - Veles anali ndi udindo wapamwamba kwambiri mu miyambo yachikunja ndipo, ndithudi, anali wotchuka kwambiri. Mulungu yekha pamwamba pake akadali Perun - mulungu wa bingu.

Ngati mukufuna kuzama mutuwo, ndikupangira kuti muwerenge phunziro la Stanislav Urbanchik, yemwe chinenero chake chowala chimapangitsa kuphunzira nthano za Asilavo kukhala zosangalatsa. Ndikupangiranso Alexander Geishtor ndi Alexander Brueckner, omwe amatchulidwa nthawi zambiri, ngakhale kalembedwe ka amuna awiriwa akuwoneka ngati ovuta kwambiri.