Ceres

Kutengera kwa milungu yachiroma ndi milungu yachi Greek kusanganiza Latin Ceres ndi Demeter ndipo adapatsa woyamba - munthu waumulungu wopanda mbiri komanso wopanda nkhope - wokhala ndi zochitika komanso mawonekedwe amunthu wachiwiri. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za mmene Agiriki anayambitsidwira koyambirirako, mulungu wamkaziyo anasungabe zizindikiro zake zoyambirira za m’Chigiriki m’kulambira kwake. Kuti iye flamin imamangiriridwa, ikuchitira umboni za ukulu wake ndi chikhalidwe chake. Dzina lakuti Ceres limagwirizanitsidwa ndi maverebu chowongolera и kukula , kulenga ndi kukula: mwina, malingana ndi Venus, kusalowerera ndale kwakale, kutanthauza kuchotsedwa (kukula), kuperekedwa kwa mkazi panthawi ya umunthu wake ndi deinization, mwinamwake chiganizo chakale cha epithet. kuchokera Dziko lapansi, dziko lapansi, limene Ceres adzapatukana nalo pang’onopang’ono. 

Mkazi wamkazi wa kukula, amayang'anira kupita patsogolo kwa kayendedwe ka zomera, komanso banja laumunthu (malinga ndi lamulo lotchedwa Romulus, mwamuna amene adzakana mkazi wake popanda chifukwa chomveka, ndiko kuti, popanda kuchotsa mimba yochita kupanga, chigololo kapena kuba kwa makiyi a cellar - katundu wake adzalandidwa , theka lidzaperekedwa kwa mkazi wake, theka kwa Ceres); mulungu wamkazi wa dziko lapansi, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi dziko la akufa: khomo la kumanda ( dziko ), yomwe imatsegula katatu pachaka kuti mizimu ya akufa itsike padziko lapansi, imatchedwa dziko Ceres; mawu awiri ofanana otanthauza "wopenga" munthu wosweka chombo и cerritusndendende amatanthauza "haunted", "Ceres"; Imfa m'banja imafuna nsembe ya nkhumba ku Ceres (yotchedwa pomwepo chifukwa nsembe imachitidwa pamaso pa wakufayo), kulakwitsa pochita maliro mwambo amafuna nsembe ya nkhumba yotchedwa Dula (operekedwa kale). Payokha kapena yolumikizidwa ndi Tellus, Ceres nthawi zambiri amakhala woyamba pazikondwerero zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera kapena kulima nthaka: Tellus ndi Ceres lectist December 13 (kutha kwa kufesa); tchuthi choyendayenda Cementiua kumapeto kwa Januware (kutetezedwa ku kuzizira kwa mbewu zomwe zidamera kale); Epulo 19. 

Cerialia (zinatumizidwa patatha masiku anayiFordicidia wa Tellus; imaphatikizapo miyambo ya chonde: kupereka nsembe ya nkhumba, kutaya mtedza, kumasula nkhandwe, kumene nyali inayikidwa mu circus); kupereka nsembe kwa Ceres polambira payekha pamwambowu Ambaruals (tchuthi choyenda m'mwezi wa Meyi, chimagwirizana ndi mwambo wabwino wakucha makutu: amadziwika kuti wozunzidwayo amazunguliridwa katatu kuzungulira kukolola kwamtsogolo); maholide okolola payekha (omwe amaphatikizapo nsembe ya nkhumba Dulaasanakolole - nsembe ya zipatso zoyamba kwa Ceres). Malingana ndi mbiri yakale (monga wokayikira), wolamulira wankhanza Postumius mu ~ 496, pambuyo pa kusowa kwa tirigu, analonjeza Ceres, kugwirizana ndi Liber ndi Libera, kachisi, anatsegulidwa mu ~ 493 ndi consul Cassius. Kuyambira chaka chomwecho, malinga ndi Dionysius wa Halicarnassus, lamulo lidzapatulira Ceres katundu wa aliyense amene akuukira munthu wopatulika. plebeian tribune.. 

Kachisi ndi chipembedzo chake kuyambira pachiyambi zikuwoneka kuti zili ndi tanthauzo la ndale: Utatu wa Ceres-Lieber-Lieber umaimira milungu, ufulu, mphamvu za plebeians pamaso pa atatu a Capitoline, Jupiter-Juno-Minerva, milungu ya dziko lapansi. patrician. Ceres akanakhala mulungu wamkazi wa Annona, wokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kudya tirigu kusiyana ndi kukula kwake, chifukwa ali ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi midzi ya m'tauni kusiyana ndi plebs yakumidzi (ngati ndizovomerezeka kwenikweni kupanga kusiyana kotere mu nthawi zazikulu). Symmetry ndi malo opatulika a patrician akusonyeza kuti wina amapatsa Ceres zibwenzi ziwiri: wina amasankha Lieber ndi Lieber, milungu yamaluwa yamaluwa, choncho pafupi kwambiri ndi iye. Gululi limagwira ntchito ngati chithandizo cha nthano za Agiriki ndipo limathandizira kutanthauzira kwa Demeter, Dionysus, Persephone, komwe sikuli koyambirira.Pluto adawonetsa udindo wa Ceres ndi Manes panthawi yopezeka Mundusa  ; December 21 nsembe Hercules ndi Ceres zikuphatikizapo zinthu Greek; kuyanjana ndi Liber kunamveka, monga Dionysus angafotokozere zomwe anachita kale Ceralia kuyambira 12 mpaka 18 April masewero a siteji de Cérès (masewero a zisudzo), ansembe ndi okonza omwe ali plebeian aediles; Lieber-Dionysus nayenso amachita nawo mu chikondwerero Ambaruals  ; zimagwirizana ndi chikondwerero cha zokolola, mumzinda крестец chikondwerero cha pachaka cha Ceres : chiyero ndi kudziletsa ku mkate ndi vinyo, tcheru cha Ceres, kufufuza ndi kugwirizananso kwa Proserpine kumasonyeza tchuthi ichi; Ansembe achi Greek amapereka kulambira panthaŵi imodzi monga flaminus kapena aediles; muzochitika zovuta, miyambo yachilendo, monga ulaliki wa 217 pambuyo pa Trasimeno, kumene akuwonekera pamodzi ndi Mercury, amatsimikizira chikhalidwe cha Hellenic cha Ceres. 

Udindo wa ndale wa chipembedzo cha Ceres-Lieber-Lieber umapangitsa kuti malo opatulika akhale ndi ufulu wothawirako, womwe ansembe ankanyamula nawo pamene adachoka ku kachisi: oweruza a plebeian mosakayikira anali pa gwero. awa ndi ansembe, ndipo amasunga m'mbiri yonse mwayi uwu wosalakwa, womwe umawalola kutenga aliyense pansi pa chitetezo chawo.aedilis , Kuchokera aedes , kachisi: iwo poyamba analumikizidwa ku kachisi wa Ceres). Kachisi yemweyo, mosakayikira ali pafupi ndi Aventine, malo achitetezo achikhalidwe cha plebeian, atatolera zolemba zakale (zolemba za plebiscites, malamulo ovomerezedwa ndi ma plebs), azikhazikitsidwa pakati pa ~ 449 zamalemba onse ovomerezeka.