Chikhalidwe cha Gothic - gothic subculture

Chikhalidwe cha Gothic: "Nyimbo (zakuda, zokhumudwitsa), maonekedwe - nkhope zambiri zakuda, zoyera, zokopa zakuda, mitanda, mipingo, manda."

Zaka za m'ma 1980 zisanachitike komanso m'zaka za m'ma XNUMX, zina mwazomveka za ku Britain ndi zithunzi za nyengo yaposachedwa ya punk zidawoneka ngati gulu lodziwika bwino. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zinkakhudzidwa, n’zosakayikitsa kuti nyimbozo ndi oimbawo ndi amene anachititsa kuti miyambo ya chikhalidwe cha Gothic ionekere.

Mizu ya chikhalidwe cha Gothic

Chofunika kwambiri poyambira chikhalidwe cha Gothic mwina chinali zithunzi ndi zomveka za Bauhaus, makamaka "Bela Lugosi's Dead", yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 1979. Mitu yodziwika yomwe ikupezekabe mu Goth subculture masiku ano, kuchokera ku nyimbo zakuda zachisoni ndi tempo, kupita ku mawu ofotokoza za akufa, mpaka mawu owopsa, mpaka mawonekedwe amdima, opindika a androgyny pamawonekedwe a gululo ndi ambiri mwa otsatira ake. M'nthawi yotsatila zizindikiro zoyamba izi, gulu la magulu atsopano, omwe ambiri mwa iwo ankasewera gigs pamodzi nthawi ndi nthawi, adayikidwa ndi osindikizira nyimbo pa siteji yolembedwa kwa kanthaŵi kapena nthawi zina punk yabwino ndipo potsiriza goth. Kuphatikiza pa kukhalapo kwaphokoso kosalekeza kwa Siouxsie ndi Banshees ndi The Cure omwe amawadziwa, zinthu zofunika kwambiri zinali Bauhaus, Southern Death Cult (yemwe pambuyo pake idadziwika kuti Death Cult ndipo pomaliza The Cult), Play Dead, The Birthday Party. , Alien Sex Fiend, Kuwola kwa UK, Ana a Gang Gang, Virgin Prunes ndi Specimen. Kuchokera ku 1982, omaliza mwa awa adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kalabu yausiku yaku London yotchedwa The Batcave, yomwe pamapeto pake idakhala poto yosungunuka yamagulu ambiri ndi mafani okhudzana ndi kalembedwe kameneka. Chodziwika kwambiri, mwinamwake, chinali kupititsa patsogolo ndi kukhazikitsidwa pakati pa ochita sewero ndi kutsatira kwawo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ukazi wakuda wopangidwa ndi Bauhaus, Siouxsie ndi Banshee. Chofunika kwambiri komanso chokhalitsa chowonjezera pa kalembedwe kameneka chinali kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Specimen kwa nsomba zong'ambika ndi nsalu zina zamtundu wa nsonga ndi zothina. Gululi lidachitanso ngati maginito osindikizira nyimbo, kufunafuna kupeza, kulumikizana ndipo pamapeto pake kupanga olowa m'malo aliwonse pambuyo pa punk. Zikuwoneka kuti mawu oti "goth" adatchulidwa podutsa anthu angapo, kuphatikiza Tony Wilson, wopanga Joy Division komanso mamembala a Southern Death Cult ndi UK Decay.

Pamene nyimbo ndi kalembedwe zinkafalikira ku Britain ndi kupitirira kupyolera mu nyimbo zosindikizira, mawailesi ndi ma TV nthawi ndi nthawi, kugawa zolemba ndi maulendo amoyo, malo odyetserako usiku ochulukirapo anali kuchereza achinyamata ambiri omwe amatsatira mawu ndi masitaelo a zomwe posachedwapa zimadziwika kuti chikhalidwe cha Gothic.

Pofika m’katikati mwa zaka za m’ma 1980, gulu la ku Leeds lotchedwa The Sisters of Mercy, limene linakumana mu 1981, linayamba kukhala gulu lodziwika kwambiri komanso lodziwika bwino logwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu a ku Goth. Ngakhale mawonekedwe awo anali ocheperako komanso otsogola kwambiri kuposa Specimen kapena Alien Sex Fiend, adalimbikitsa mitu yambiri ya chikhalidwe cha goth munthawi yake, makamaka tsitsi lakuda, nsapato zosongoka, ndi ma jeans akuda olimba. ndi mithunzi yomwe nthawi zambiri amavala ndi mamembala a gulu. Wailesi, atolankhani ndi wailesi yakanema zidakomera osati Alongo a Chifundo okha, komanso mphukira yachiwawa ya The Mission, komanso Minda ya Anefili, All About Eva ndi The Cult. Maudindo apamwamba aperekedwa kuzinthu zatsopano zokhazikika kuchokera kwa omenyera nkhondo owona, Siouxsie ndi Banshees ndi The Cure.

Komabe, pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990, chikhalidwe cha goth chinkawoneka kuti chathera nthawi yake pazofalitsa ndi malonda, ndipo zonse zidazimiririka pamaso pa anthu. Komabe, kulumikizidwa mwamphamvu kwa mamembala ambiri kumayendedwe a goth subculture kunatsimikizira kupulumuka kwake pang'ono. Ku Britain konse ndi kupitirira apo, mbadwo watsopano wamagulu unayambika womwe umadalira zilembo zazing'ono zamakatswiri, zoulutsira mawu ndi makalabu ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi chidwi chawo kuposa chiyembekezo chilichonse chodziwika bwino cholowa pamaso pa anthu kapena kupanga ndalama zambiri.

Magulu a Gothic

Chikhalidwe cha Gothic ndi mdima

Chikhalidwe cha goth chinkakhudza kwambiri zinthu zakale, maonekedwe, ndi nyimbo, zomwe zinkawoneka ngati zakuda, zakuda, komanso nthawi zina zowopsya. Chodziwikiratu komanso chofunikira kwambiri chinali kutsindika kwakukulu komanso kosasinthasintha kwakuda, kaya ndi zovala, tsitsi, milomo, zinthu zapakhomo, kapena amphaka amphaka. Pankhani ya maonekedwe, mutuwo unalinso chizoloŵezi cha ma Goths ambiri kuvala maziko oyera pankhope zawo kuti athetse zisonyezo zakuda, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotalikirapo, zobiriwira za cheekbone, ndi milomo yakuda. chiwerengero cha magulu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980. Goths amakondanso kuyembekezera kuti ma pubs kapena makalabu awo adetsedwa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utsi wa siteji kuti azikhala ndi malo owonjezera.

Chikhalidwe choyambirira komanso chatsopano cha Gothic

Ngakhale kuti zinthu zambiri zoyambirira zinali zamoyo komanso zabwino, mutu wamba wakuda ndi wachisoni udayambanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pamawonekedwe odziwika bwino adawonekera pazinthu zomwe zinali zocheperako ku kalembedwe ka m'badwo woyambirira, komabe zimagwirizana ndi mitu yamba yomwe zithunzi ndi mawu awo zidalumikizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mutu wamba wa gothic utakhazikitsidwa kwa kanthaŵi, ambiri anayamba kugwirizana momveka bwino ndi zinthu zoopsa, akujambula zithunzi zosiyanasiyana zochokera ku nkhani zopeka zakuda monga mitanda, mileme, ndi ma vampire, nthawi zina monyoza. choncho nthawi zina ayi. Nthawi zina chitukukochi chinali chifukwa cha chikoka chowonekera komanso chachindunji cha zinthu zapa media. Kutchuka kwa mabuku a vampire ndi mafilimu owopsa, mwachitsanzo, kudakulitsidwa makamaka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 ndi mafilimu aku Hollywood monga Dracula ya Bram Stoker ndi Interview with the Vampire. Maonekedwe a odziwika a vampire m'mafilimu oterowo adalimbikitsa chidwi cha amuna a Goth okhala ndi nkhope zoyera, tsitsi lalitali lakuda, ndi mithunzi. Pakadali pano, kwa azimayi, chiwonetsero chazaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi XNUMX muzopeka zotere chinalimbikitsanso kutengera masitayelo ena okhudzana ndi kutsitsimuka kwa Gothic panthawiyo komanso nthawi ya Victorian yomwe idatsata.

Kuphatikiza pa kukhala wosiyana kwambiri ndi machitidwe oyambirira a 1980s, pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 panalinso kuphwanya koonekeratu kwa kutsindika kwa zithunzithunzi zakuda kuposa momwe zinalili m'ma 1980. Makamaka, ngakhale kuti zakuda zinakhalabe zofala, mitundu yowala kwambiri inakhala yovomerezeka kwambiri pankhani ya tsitsi, zovala, ndi zodzoladzola. Chimene chinayamba monga kulakwa koseketsa ndi kochita dala kwa anthu ena chachititsa kuti anthu ena ayambe kuvomereza kuti pinki yomwe poyamba inkadedwayo inali yogwirizana ndi mtundu wakuda pakati pa a Goths ku Britain.

Gothic ndi subcultures zogwirizana

Pamodzi ndi ma punk, mafani a indie, krusty ndi ena, m'zaka za m'ma 1980 komanso koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, a Goths nthawi zambiri ankawona gulu lawo ngati limodzi mwazinthu zokometsera pansi pa ambulera iyi. Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mawuwa komanso kuyanjana kwa ma Goths ndi ma punks, mafani a Krusty ndi indie rock sanali ofala, nyimbo zosankhidwa ndi zinthu zakale zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zotsirizirazi zasungidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha goth. Kutengera kwamagulu ena kapena nyimbo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi indie, punk ndi zowoneka bwino zinalinso zofala pakati pa ma Goths. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pamawonekedwe ndi nyimbo zokonda nyimbo, zinthu zina "zakunja" zokha zinkawoneka, ndipo zimakonda kutenga malo awo pamodzi ndi zokonda zamtundu wina. Panalinso zophatikizika ndi chikhalidwe cha rock nthawi zambiri, popeza ma goths ambiri amavala T-shirts kuchokera kumagulu omwe amawakonda, omwe, ngakhale anali ndi magulu ndi mapangidwe apadera, amafanana ndi omwe amavalidwa ndi mafani amiyala amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya stylistic. Chifukwa cha mphambano zina za stylistic, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 kunalinso kukula, ngakhale kuti sizinagwirizane, kuvomereza mu chikhalidwe cha goth cha zitsanzo zochepa za nyimbo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zitsulo zowopsya kapena za imfa. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri inali yaukali kwambiri, yachimuna, komanso yotengera gitala, mitunduyi idatengera zina mwa chikhalidwe cha Gothic panthawiyo, makamaka kufalikira kwa tsitsi lakuda ndi zovala, komanso zodzoladzola zowopsa.

Goths: chizindikiritso, kalembedwe ndi subculture (mavalidwe, thupi, chikhalidwe)