Anarcho-Syndicalism, Rudolf Rocker pa Anarcho-Syndicalism

Anarcho-syndicalism ndi nthambi ya anarchism yomwe imayang'ana pa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito. Syndicalisme ndi liwu lachifalansa lochokera ku Chigriki ndipo limatanthauza "mzimu wa mgwirizano" - chifukwa chake kuyenerera "syndicalism". Syndicalism ndi njira ina yogwirira ntchito zachuma. Otsatira amawona ngati mphamvu yokhoza kusintha kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, m'malo mwa capitalism ndi boma ndi anthu atsopano olamulidwa mwademokalase ndi ogwira ntchito. Mawu oti "anarcho-syndicalism" mwina adachokera ku Spain, komwe, malinga ndi Murray Bookchin, mikhalidwe ya anarcho-syndicalist inalipo m'gulu la ogwira ntchito kuyambira koyambirira kwa 1870s - zaka makumi ambiri asanawonekere kwina. "Anarcho-syndicalism" imatanthawuza chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe a bungwe losintha makampani ogulitsa mafakitale lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ku Spain ndipo kenako ku France ndi mayiko ena kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za makumi awiri.

Anarcho-syndicalism sukulu ya anarchism

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX, anarcho-syndicalism inayamba ngati sukulu yodziwika bwino ya chikhalidwe cha anarchist. Mokonda kwambiri ntchito kuposa mitundu yakale ya chisokonezo, syndicalism imawona mabungwe amalonda amphamvu ngati mphamvu yosinthira kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, kulowa m'malo mwa capitalism ndi boma ndi chitaganya chatsopano choyendetsedwa mwademokalase ndi ogwira ntchito. Anarcho-syndicalists akufuna kuthetsa dongosolo la ntchito yolipira ndi umwini wa njira zopangira, zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zimabweretsa kugawikana kwamagulu. Mfundo zitatu zofunika kwambiri za syndicalism ndi mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito, kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji (monga kumenyedwa kwachiwopsezo ndi kubwezeretsanso ntchito), komanso kudziyang'anira okha. Anarcho-syndicalism ndi nthambi zina zachikomyunizimu za anarchism sizigwirizana: anarcho-syndicalists nthawi zambiri amadzigwirizanitsa ndi sukulu ya chikomyunizimu kapena gulu la anarchism. Othandizira ake amapereka mabungwe ogwira ntchito ngati njira yopangira maziko a gulu la anarchist losagwirizana ndi dongosolo lomwe liripo ndikubweretsa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu.

Mfundo zoyambirira za anarcho-syndicalism

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za anarcho-syndicalism ndi mgwirizano wa ogwira ntchito, kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji ndi kudzilamulira. Iwo ndi chiwonetsero m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zaufulu za anarchism ku gulu la ogwira ntchito. Filosofi ya anarchist yomwe imalimbikitsa mfundo zazikuluzikuluzi imatanthauziranso cholinga chawo; ndiko kuti, kukhala chida chodzimasula ku ukapolo wa malipiro ndi njira yogwirira ntchito ku chikominisi cha libertarian.

Mgwirizano ndi kungozindikira kuti anthu ena ali mumkhalidwe wofanana wa chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena zachuma ndipo amachita mogwirizana.

Mwachidule, zochita zachindunji zimatanthawuza zomwe zachitika mwachindunji pakati pa anthu awiri kapena magulu popanda kulowererapo kwa wina. Pankhani ya kayendetsedwe ka anarcho-syndicalist, mfundo yachindunji ndi yofunika kwambiri: kukana kutenga nawo mbali mu ndale za nyumba yamalamulo kapena za boma ndikutengera njira ndi njira zomwe zimayika molimba udindo wochitapo kanthu kwa ogwira ntchito okha.

Mfundo yodzilamulira yokha imangotanthauza kuti cholinga cha mabungwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu chiyenera kukhala kuyang'anira zinthu, osati kuyang'anira anthu. Mwachidziŵikire, zimenezi zimachititsa kulinganiza zinthu ndi kugwirizana kukhala kothekera, pamene panthaŵi imodzimodziyo kumatheketsa mlingo waukulu koposa waufulu wa munthu aliyense. Awa ndi maziko a kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka tsiku ndi tsiku kwa gulu lachikomyunizimu laufulu kapena, m’lingaliro lopambana la mawuwa, chipwirikiti.

Rudolf Rocker: anarcho-syndicalism

Rudolf Rocker anali mmodzi mwa mawu otchuka kwambiri mu gulu la anarcho-syndicalist. M'kabuku kake ka 1938 Anarchosyndicalism, adalongosola za chiyambi cha kayendetsedwe kake, zomwe zinkafunidwa komanso chifukwa chake zinali zofunika tsogolo la ntchito. Ngakhale kuti mabungwe ambiri a syndicalist amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zovuta zantchito za m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri (makamaka ku France ndi Spain), akugwirabe ntchito lero.

Wolemba mbiri wa anarchist Rudolf Rocker, yemwe akupereka lingaliro lokhazikika la chitukuko cha malingaliro a anarchist molunjika kwa anarcho-syndicalism mu mzimu womwe ungafanane ndi ntchito ya Guerin, amayika funsoli bwino pamene akulemba kuti anarchism si yokhazikika. , dongosolo lokhazikika la chikhalidwe cha anthu, koma m'malo mwake, njira ina mu chitukuko cha mbiriyakale ya anthu, yomwe, mosiyana ndi maphunziro anzeru a mabungwe onse a tchalitchi ndi boma, amayesetsa kuti ufulu waufulu uwonekere mphamvu zonse za munthu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu m'moyo. Ngakhale ufulu ndi wachibale chabe osati lingaliro lathunthu, chifukwa nthawi zonse umafuna kukulitsa ndikukhudza mabwalo ambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mabungwe a Anarcho-syndicalist

Bungwe la International Workers Association (IWA-AIT)

International Workers Association - Chigawo cha Chipwitikizi (AIT-SP) Portugal

Anarchist Union Initiative (ASI-MUR) Serbia

National Confederation of Labor (CNT-AIT) Spain

National Confederation of Labor (CNT-AIT ndi CNT-F) France

Molunjika! Switzerland

Federation of Social Anarchists (FSA-MAP) Czech Republic

Federation of Workers of Rio Grande do Sul - Confederation of Workers of Brazil (FORGS-COB-AIT) Brazil

Regional Federation of Workers of Argentina (FORA-AIT) Argentina

Bungwe la Free Workers Union (FAU) la Germany

Konfederatsiya Revolyutsionnikh Anarkho-Sindikalistov (KRAS-IWA) Russia

Chibugariya Anarchist Federation (FAB) Bulgaria

Anarcho-Syndicalist Network (MASA) Croatia

Norwegian Syndicalist Association (NSF-IAA) Norway

Direct Action (PA-IWA) Slovakia

Solidarity Federation (SF-IWA) UK

Italy Trade Union (USI) Italy

US Workers' Solidarity Alliance

FESAL (European Federation of Alternative Syndicalism)

Spanish General Confederation of Labor (CGT) ku Spain

Liberal Union (ESE) Greece

Bungwe la Free Workers Union of Switzerland (FAUCH) Switzerland

Ntchito Initiative (IP) Poland

SKT Siberia Confederation of Labor

Swedish Anarcho-Syndicalist Youth Federation (SUF)

Swedish Workers' Central Organisation (Sveriges Arbetares Centralorganization, SAC) Sweden

Syndicalist Revolutionary Current (CSR) France

Bungwe la Workers' Solidarity Federation (WSF) la South Africa

Awareness League (AL) Nigeria

Uruguayan Anarchist Federation (FAA) Uruguay

International Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)