matenda a scleroderma

Chidule cha scleroderma

Scleroderma ndi matenda a autoimmune connective tissue omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa khungu ndi mbali zina za thupi. Pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimapangitsa kuti minyewa iganize kuti yawonongeka, imayambitsa kutupa ndipo thupi limatulutsa kolajeni yambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa scleroderma. Collagen yochulukira pakhungu ndi minofu ina imapangitsa kuti khungu likhale lolimba komanso lolimba. Scleroderma imakhudza machitidwe ambiri m'thupi lanu. Matanthauzo otsatirawa adzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe matendawa amakhudzira machitidwewa.

• Connective tissue matenda ndi matenda omwe amakhudza minofu monga khungu, tendons, ndi cartilage. Minofu yolumikizana imathandizira, imateteza, komanso imapereka mawonekedwe ku minofu ndi ziwalo zina.
• Matenda a autoimmune amapezeka pamene chitetezo chamthupi, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimateteza thupi ku matenda ndi matenda, chikaukira minyewa yake.
• Rheumatic matenda amatanthauza gulu la zinthu yodziwika ndi kutupa kapena kupweteka kwa minofu, mfundo kapena fibrous minofu.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya scleroderma:

• Localized scleroderma imangokhudza khungu ndi mapangidwe omwe ali pansi pa khungu.
• Systemic scleroderma, yomwe imatchedwanso systemic sclerosis, imakhudza machitidwe ambiri a thupi. Uwu ndi mtundu wowopsa kwambiri wa scleroderma womwe ungawononge mitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo zamkati monga mtima, mapapo, ndi impso.

Palibe mankhwala a scleroderma. Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuletsa kupitilira kwa matendawa. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse ndikofunikira.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi scleroderma?

Chifukwa cha scleroderma sichidziwika. Komabe, ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti chitetezo cha m’thupi chimachita mopambanitsa ndipo chimayambitsa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo amene ali m’mitsempha ya magazi. Izi zimapangitsa maselo olumikizana, makamaka mtundu wa cell wotchedwa fibroblasts, kupanga kolajeni wochuluka ndi mapuloteni ena. Ma fibroblasts amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe amakhalira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti collagen ipangike pakhungu ndi ziwalo zina, zomwe zimatsogolera kuzizindikiro za scleroderma.

Ndani amatenga scleroderma?

Aliyense akhoza kutenga scleroderma; komabe, magulu ena ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakhudze chiopsezo chanu.

• Kugonana. Scleroderma imapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi kuposa amuna.
• Zaka. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 50 ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa akulu kuposa ana.
• Mpikisano. Scleroderma ingakhudze anthu a mafuko ndi mafuko onse, koma matendawa amatha kukhudza kwambiri anthu a ku America. Mwachitsanzo: 
  • Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri ku Afirika Achimereka kuposa a ku Ulaya ku America.
  • Anthu aku America aku America omwe ali ndi scleroderma amayamba matendawa kuposa magulu ena.
  • Anthu aku America aku America amakonda zilonda zapakhungu komanso matenda am'mapapo poyerekeza ndi magulu ena.

Mitundu ya scleroderma

• Localized scleroderma imakhudza khungu ndi minyewa yamkati ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mtundu umodzi kapena zonsezi:
  • Zigamba za Morpheus kapena scleroderma, zomwe zimatha kukhala theka la inchi kapena kupitilira apo.
  • Linear scleroderma ndi pamene kukhuthala kwa scleroderma kumachitika motsatira mzere. Nthawi zambiri imafalikira pamkono kapena mwendo, koma nthawi zina imafalikira pamphumi ndi kumaso.
• Systemic scleroderma, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa systemic sclerosis, imakhudza khungu, minofu, mitsempha ya magazi, ndi ziwalo zazikulu. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagawa systemic scleroderma m'mitundu iwiri:
  • Limited cutaneous scleroderma yomwe imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo imakhudza khungu la zala, manja, nkhope, mikono, ndi miyendo pansi pa mawondo.
  • Matenda a cutaneous scleroderma omwe amakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo amayamba ndi zala ndi zala, kenako amafalikira kupitirira zigongono ndi mawondo mpaka kumapewa, thunthu, ndi m'chiuno. Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umawononga kwambiri ziwalo zamkati.  

Zizindikiro za scleroderma

Zizindikiro za scleroderma zimasiyana munthu ndi munthu malinga ndi mtundu wa scleroderma.

Localized scleroderma nthawi zambiri imayambitsa zigamba za khungu lolimba, limodzi mwa mitundu iwiri.

• Morphea imayambitsa kukhuthala kwa zigamba zapakhungu kukhala zolimba zooneka ngati zozungulira. Maderawa amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe achikasu, a waxy ozunguliridwa ndi m'mphepete mofiyira kapena wosweka. Madontho amatha kukhala pamalo amodzi kapena kufalikira kumadera ena akhungu. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala osagwira ntchito pakapita nthawi, koma mungakhalebe ndi zigamba zakuda pakhungu. Anthu ena amayamba kutopa (kutopa).
• Mu linear scleroderma, mizere ya khungu yokhuthala kapena yamitundu imayenda pansi pa mkono, mwendo, ndipo, kawirikawiri, pamphumi.

Systemic scleroderma, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti systemic sclerosis, imatha kukula mwachangu kapena pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatha kuyambitsa mavuto osati pakhungu komanso ndi ziwalo zamkati. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mtundu uwu wa scleroderma amatopa.

• Localized cutaneous scleroderma imayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhudza khungu la zala, manja, nkhope, mikono, ndi miyendo pansi pa mawondo. Zingathenso kuyambitsa mavuto ndi mitsempha ya magazi ndi kum'mero. Mawonekedwe ochepa amakhala ndi kukhudzidwa kwa visceral koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ofatsa kuposa mawonekedwe ofalikira. Anthu omwe ali ndi localized cutaneous scleroderma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zonse kapena zina, zomwe madokotala ena amazitcha CREST, kutanthauza zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
  • Calcification, mapangidwe kashiamu madipoziti mu connective minofu, amene angathe kuzindikiridwa ndi X-ray kufufuza.
  • Raynaud's phenomenon, matenda omwe mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi m'manja kapena mapazi imagwirana chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena nkhawa, zomwe zimapangitsa zala ndi zala zala zala kusintha mtundu (zoyera, buluu, ndi / kapena zofiira).
  • Kusokonekera kwa mmero, komwe kumatanthauza kukanika kwa mmero (chubu chomwe chimalumikiza pakhosi ndi m'mimba) komwe kumachitika minofu yosalala yam'mero ​​ikasiya kuyenda bwino.
  • Sclerodactyly ndi yokhuthala komanso yowundana khungu pa zala chifukwa cha kusungidwa kwa kolajeni wochulukirapo m'magulu akhungu.
  • Telangiectasia, matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutupa kwa mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yomwe imayambitsa mawanga ofiira pamanja ndi kumaso.
• Diffuse cutaneous scleroderma imachitika mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri ndi kukhuthala kwa khungu pa zala kapena zala. Khungu limakhuthala limafikira ku thupi lonse pamwamba pa zigongono ndi/kapena mawondo. Mtundu uwu ukhoza kuwononga ziwalo zanu zamkati monga:
  • Kulikonse m'chigayo chanu.
  • mapapo anu.
  • impso zanu.
  • Mtima wanu.

Ngakhale kuti CREST imatchedwa localized scleroderma, anthu omwe ali ndi diffuse scleroderma angakhalenso ndi zizindikiro za CREST.

Zifukwa za scleroderma

Ochita kafukufuku sadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa scleroderma, koma amakayikira kuti pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli:

• chibadwa. Majini angapangitse mwayi wa anthu ena kukhala ndi scleroderma ndikuthandizira kudziwa mtundu wa scleroderma omwe ali nawo. Simungatengere matendawa, ndipo samapatsirana kuchokera kwa kholo kupita kwa mwana monga matenda ena obadwa nawo. Komabe, achibale apafupi a anthu omwe ali ndi scleroderma ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi scleroderma kuposa anthu wamba.
• Chilengedwe. Ofufuza akuganiza kuti kukhudzana ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe, monga mavairasi kapena mankhwala, kungayambitse scleroderma.
• Kusintha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Kusakhazikika kwa chitetezo chamthupi kapena kutupa m'thupi lanu kumayambitsa kusintha kwa ma cell komwe kumapangitsa kuti collagen yochuluka kwambiri ipangidwe.
• Mahomoni. Azimayi amapeza mitundu yambiri ya scleroderma nthawi zambiri kuposa amuna. Ofufuza akukayikira kuti kusiyana kwa mahomoni pakati pa amayi ndi abambo kungayambitse matendawa.