Vulvar khansa - zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda ndi mankhwala

Khansara ya kumaliseche ndi chotupa choopsa chomwe sichidziwika kawirikawiri cha ziwalo zoberekera za mkazi: labia ndi clitoris. Chiwopsezo cha chitukuko chake chimawonjezeka pambuyo pa zaka 60. Poyamba, matendawa ndi asymptomatic. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za nkhawa, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga. N’chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira? Kodi ndi bwino kudziwa chiyani?

1. Kodi khansa ya vulvar ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya maliseche yomwe si yachilendo komanso yosalekeza kuchuluka kwa chotupa chochokera ku vulvar epithelial maselo ndi matenda osowa. Amawerengera angapo peresenti ya ma neoplasms onse oyipa omwe ali m'dera lakumaliseche.

Gulu ili la zotupa pakhungu la vulvar limadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu kapena kupatulira kwa epithelium. Zimaphatikizapo:

• squamous cell hyperplasia: HPV DNA nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'maselo ake. Squamous cell carcinoma ndi khansa yofala kwambiri m'chikazi ndipo imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuposa 90%.
• kawirikawiri lichen sclerosus.

2. Zizindikiro za khansa ya vulvar

Khansa ya maliseche imatha kukula wopanda chidziwitso, ikhozanso kutsagana ndi zizindikiro monga:

• kuyabwa
• buledi,
• kusapeza bwino
• kupweteka

Kodi manja a vulva amawoneka bwanji? Malingana ndi siteji ya matendawa, kufufuza kwachipatala kumachitika kudwala, kudontha mwala kapena kukula kwa kolifulawa.

3. Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya vulvar

Matenda ambiri a maliseche amayamba chifukwa cha matenda. Kachilombo ka HPV (mtundu 16). Gulu lachiwiri la vulvar neoplasms limaphatikizapo zotupa zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi HPV komanso zotuluka panthaka ya gawo lapansi. kusintha kwanthawi yayitali yotupa.

zambiri zowopsa kupeza vulvar cancer. Iwo angathandize onse chitukuko cha matenda ndondomeko ndi mayendedwe ake.

Kwenikweni ndi zaka. Khansara yambiri ya vulvar imayamba mwa amayi opitirira zaka 60, ngakhale kuti matendawa amapezekanso mwa amayi achichepere. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha milandu ya khansa ya vulvar imapezeka mwa amayi azaka za 70-80 zaka.

Chiwopsezo china ndi matenda opatsirana. Mbiri ya matenda a herpes simplex virus (HSV) mtundu 2, makamaka human papillomavirus (HPV) mitundu 16 ndi 18, ndi chindoko kapena inguinal granulomakomanso matenda a chlamydial. Ubale pakati pa matenda a HPV ndi chitukuko cha khansa ya vulvar, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa odwala achichepere omwe amasuta ndudu ndikukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri zogonana, zatsimikiziridwa.

Iwo sali opanda tanthauzo chibadwamakamaka masinthidwe amtundu wa p53. Kusintha kwa ntchito yake kungayambitse kubereka kosalamulirika kwa maselo osadziwika bwino, ndipo pamapeto pake, pakukula kwa khansa.

4. Kuzindikira khansa ya vulvar

The matenda a khansa vulvar zimadalira siteji ya matenda ndondomeko ya neoplastic. Komabe, ziyenera kutsindika kuti nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka pokhapokha atapita patsogolo. Nkhaniyi yasokonekera chifukwa palibe mayeso owunika kuti azindikire msanga zotupa za vulvar.

Monga tanenera kale, kutengera siteji ya matendawa, kuyezetsa kwachipatala kumawonetsa zilonda, kulowa mkati kapena kukula kwa kolifulawa. Komanso mwatsatanetsatane diagnostics ndiye analimbikitsa.

Mayeso owonjezera omwe amachitidwa kwa odwala khansa ya vulvar ndi awa:

• papa smear,
• vulvoscopy,
• transvaginal swab,
• radiograph pachifuwa,
• Ultrasound ya m'mimba.

Kusintha kulikonse kosokoneza mu vulva kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kufufuza kwa histological kwa chitsanzo chotengedwa.

5. Chithandizo cha Khansa ya Vulvar

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pa zonsezi kuchotsa chilondachokuchotsedwa kwakukulu kwa vulva. Kuchuluka kwa opaleshoniyo kumadalira kukula kwa chotupacho, malo omwe amawunikira matendawa, momwe ma lymph nodes alili komanso momwe mkazi alili.

The adjuvant chithandizo ndi radiation mankhwala pambuyo opaleshoni kuchotsa metastatic lymph nodes. Ndi chithandizo chokhazikika pamene opaleshoni sizingatheke.

Kumbali inayi, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa chotupacho ndikuwonjezera mwayi wa opaleshoni. Wodziyimira pawokha vulvar khansa chemotherapy Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa odwala omwe abwerera m'mbuyo omwe samayankha mankhwala apakhungu.

Odwala omwe opaleshoni kapena chithandizo cha radiation chimatsutsana, chisamaliro chapalliative. Kenako chemotherapy imaperekedwa kuti aletse kupitilira kwa matendawa.

Khansara ya vulvar imafalikira kudzera mu lymphatic system. Kunyalanyaza kusintha komwe kwachitika kungayambitse kufalikira kwa matendawa kumagulu oyandikana nawo ndikupangitsa kusintha kwa ziwalo zina. Ngati zizindikirika kumayambiriro kwa vulva, izi sizikugwirizana nazo metastases ku ma lymph nodeskuneneratu kuli bwino.

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