Tubal ligation - ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zotsutsana, zotsatira zake

Tubal ligation imatengedwa ngati njira yotetezeka yachipatala, kukhazikitsidwa kwake sikuyenera kuopseza thanzi ndi moyo wa mkazi. Kusankha njira imeneyi ndi kumasula mkazi ku zoopsa zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha njira zina zolerera, monga zotsatira za mahomoni amkamwa, kusintha komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo choberekera poika IUD, mphete za kumaliseche, kapena ndalama zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. maulendo. kulemba malangizo. Tubal ligation ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri m'maiko otukuka kwambiri.

1. Kodi tubal ligation ndi chiyani?

Tubal ligation ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera mimba. Tubal ligation ndi njira yopangira opaleshoni yomwe machubu amadulidwa ndikumangidwa. Izo zimasokoneza izo kupezeka kwa machubu a fallopianmomwe dzira lokumana ndi umuna silingathenso kudutsa m'chiberekero. Tubal ligation idachita bwino - index ya Pearl ndi 0,5. Nthawi zina machubu a fallopian amatseguka okha, koma izi zimakhala zachilendo. Opaleshoni imachitidwa ndi laparotomy kapena laparoscopy pansi pa anesthesia wamba kapena wamba.

Tubal ligation nthawi zambiri imachitika panthawi ya opaleshoni. Mayi akhoza kuyamba kugonana pokhapokha zilondazo zitachira, zomwe zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Za kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu njira zolerera mkaziyo ayenera kupanga chiganizo pokambirana ndi wokondedwa wake, ndipo kuvomereza ndondomekoyi kulembedwe molembedwa. Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi njira yosasinthika. mtundu uwu kulera zimachitika m'mayiko otukuka kwambiri.

Ku Poland, njirayi ndi yoletsedwa. Pansi pa Criminal Code, kulepheretsa munthu kubereka ana kulangidwa ndi kumangidwa kwa zaka 1 mpaka 10. Chilangochi chimaperekedwa kwa dokotala yemwe akuchita njirayi, osati kwa mkazi amene wasankha kuchita.

Tubal ligation imaloledwa ngati ili mbali ya chithandizo, kapena ngati mimba yotsatira ingawononge thanzi la mayiyo kapena kuika moyo pachiswe.

Izi ndizovomerezekanso pamene mwana wotsatira adzakhala ndi matenda aakulu a majini. Nthawi zina, dokotala sangathe kuchita njirayi ngakhale atapempha mwachindunji kwa wodwalayo.

2. Kutsekereza nthawi ndi nthawi

Kutsekereza kuli ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Tsoka ilo, izi nthawi zambiri zinkachitika mosaloledwa, kuphwanya ufulu wa amayi, kuwavulaza.

Chofala kwambiri chinali kutseketsa kwa amayi osauka ndi akuda, omwe, ngati atatsutsidwa, adasiyidwa popanda chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala ndi chithandizo chakuthupi. M'mbiri yachitukuko chathu palinso milandu ya kukakamizidwa kubala odwala amisala, akaidi ndi oimira amitundu yochepa kuti awathetse. Iwo anali kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu.

Pakalipano, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ntchito yotereyi ndi yosavomerezeka mwalamulo ku Poland, ndipo kukhazikitsidwa kwake sikuloledwa komanso kulangidwa kundende. Komabe, ku USA ndi mayiko ambiri a ku Western Europe (Austria, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Great Britain), njirayi ikuchitika pa pempho la wodwalayo.

3. Sankhani ngati mukuyenera kukhala ndi tubal ligation.

Chisankho chochitidwa opaleshoni tubal ligation ndi chimodzi mwa zisankho zovuta kwambiri pa moyo wa mkazi. Pali zotsatira zingapo, chifukwa gawo lalikulu la ndondomekoyi silingasinthe. Mkazi ayenera modekha ndi mwachilungamo kuyeza ubwino ndi kuipa onse, kudziwa bwino kuti m'tsogolo iye sangathe kukhala ndi pakati mwachibadwa. Ayenera kuganizira za mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya moyo yomwe angadzipezeremo, monga kusintha kwa bwenzi lake ndi chikhumbo chokhala ndi ana kuchokera kwa iye, imfa ya mwana. Ayeneranso kuganizira njira zina, monga kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zolerera zomwe angathe kusintha.

Zifukwa zomwe zimachititsa amayi kusankha njira yotsekera ndi izi:

• kusafuna kukhala ndi ana ambiri pamene sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zolerera,
• mavuto azaumoyo omwe amatha kukulirakulira panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati ndikuwopseza moyo wa mayi,
• genetic anomalies.

Ngakhale amayi amayesa kuganiza bwino asanapange chiganizo chomaliza chokhudza njirayi, pafupifupi 14-25% amanong'oneza bondo zomwe adasankha. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa amayi omwe asankha kutsekeredwa ali aang'ono kwambiri (zaka 18-24) - pafupifupi 40% amanong'oneza bondo. Chifukwa chake, m'maiko ena pali malingaliro a kuthekera kotsekereza pakatha zaka 30 mwa amayi omwe ali ndi ana.

Pali malo padziko lonse lapansi omwe amakhazikika pakubwezeretsa patency ya machubu a fallopian, koma izi ndizovuta kwambiri komanso njira zodula, kupambana kwake sikungatsimikizike. Ndicho chifukwa chake nkofunika kudziwitsa mkazi mosamala za zotsatira za tubal ligation.

4. Zizindikiro za opaleshoni ya tubal ligation.

Kuphatikiza pa kulera mwaufulu, palinso zizindikiro zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndi amayi ati omwe akuyenera kuchitidwa mchitidwewu. Iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

• zizindikiro zachipatala - kuphimba sipekitiramu lonse la mkati ndi oncological matenda amene angayambitse mavuto aakulu thanzi kapena ngakhale moyo pachiswe pamene mayi atenga mimba. Panthawi ya ndondomekoyi, matendawa ayenera kukhala okhululukidwa kapena kuyendetsedwa bwino, ndipo mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uyenera kukhala wokhazikika,
• zizindikiro za majini - pamene mkazi ali ndi vuto la majini ndipo kubadwa kwa mwana wathanzi kuchokera kwa iye sikutheka kuchipatala,
• malinga ndi zisonyezo zamaganizidwe, uku ndikupewa kwakukulu kwa mimba mwa amayi omwe ali m'mavuto, osatheka kukonza ndalama.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti wodwalayo azidziwitsidwa bwino za ndondomeko ya tubal ligation, ubwino, zizindikiro, zotsutsana ndi zovuta zomwe zingatheke pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi isanayambe kukaonana ndi dokotala.

5. Zotsatira za tubal ligation

Zotsatira za tubal ligation kusabereka kosatha. Choncho, mkazi asanaganize za njirayi, ayenera kuganizira ngati ali wotsimikiza kuti sakufuna kukhala ndi ana. Kuchita bwino kwa tubal ligation chachikulu. Njira, yomwe imabwezeretsanso mphamvu ya machubu a fallopian, ndi 30% yokha yogwira ntchito.

Komabe, dziwani kuti ngati mutenga mimba musanayambe ndondomekoyi, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha ectopic pregnancy. Zimapezeka powerengera nthawi zambiri mwa amayi aang'ono omwe adutsa ndondomekoyi, komanso omwe achitidwa opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya electrocoagulation ya fallopian chubu. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina za kulera, ndi chiwerengero cha Pearl (tikukulangizani kuti musagwiritse ntchito kalendala, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu kapena kudziletsa kwakanthawi).

Amayi ena amafotokozanso za matenda a chikhodzodzo akachitika opaleshoni.

Pali nthano zambiri zopanda maziko zokhudzana ndi zotsatira za salpingectomy. Azimayi amawopa kutaya "chikazi" pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, kuchepetsa libido, kulemera kwa thupi. Palibe zowonera zomwe zatsimikizira malingaliro awa, m'malo mwake, pafupifupi 80% ya azimayi amawonetsa kuyanjana bwino ndi okondedwa awo.

6. Zovuta pambuyo pa tubal ligation

Tubal ligation ndi njira yotetezeka. Monga mukuonera, zotsatira za nthawi yaitali sizikhalanso zoopsa. Zambiri zoyipa zimachitika mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko yokha. Pakati pa amayi a 4 ndi 12 pa 100 salpingectomies omwe amachitidwa m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene amamwalira (kutuluka magazi, zovuta za anesthesia).

Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta ndi izi:

• zimayambitsa opaleshoni: thupi lawo siligwirizana mankhwala jekeseni, circulatory ndi kupuma kusokonezeka (kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta izi),
• Zomwe zimayambitsa opaleshoni: kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazikulu komanso kukha mwazi komwe kumafuna kutsegulidwanso kwa m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina, matenda ndi zilonda zam'mimba.

Choopsa kwambiri chokhudzana ndi laparoscopy, chowopsa kwambiri kwa moyo, ndikuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazikulu:

• msempha wamagazi,
• vena cava yotsika,
• ziwiya zachikazi kapena aimpso.

6.1. Minilaparotomy

Mini parotomy ndi njira yomwe adotolo amadulira khoma la m'mimba pamwamba pa pubic symphysis. Njira imeneyi imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kupweteka, kutuluka magazi, ndi kuwonongeka kwa chikhodzodzo poyerekeza ndi laparoscopy.

Pambuyo opaleshoni ndi opaleshoni kugwirizana ndi izo, wodwala aliyense ali ndi ufulu kumva kufooka, nseru ndi ululu m`munsi pamimba. Komabe, zizindikirozi zimadutsa mofulumira kwambiri ndipo kuchira kwathunthu kumachitika m'masiku ochepa chabe.

6.2. Zovuta mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya ESSURE

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yamakonoyi kumaphatikizaponso zoopsa zina. Izi zingakhudze ndondomeko yokha - kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo choberekera pamene kulowetsa kulowetsedwa mu fallopian chubu, kutuluka magazi. Zovuta zina mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Essure ndi:

• kutuluka magazi kuchokera ku maliseche,
• pregnancy
• chiopsezo cha ectopic pregnancy,
• ululu,
• kukomoka,
• nthawi yayitali, makamaka m'mizere iwiri yoyambirira,
• nseru,
• masanzi,
• kukomoka
• thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi zinthu.

7. Kulumikizana kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi lamulo

mtundu uwu kulera zimachitika m'mayiko otukuka kwambiri. Ku Poland amaloledwa ngati ali mbali ya chithandizo kapena ngati kutenga pakati kungawononge kwambiri thanzi la mayiyo kapena kuika moyo wake pachiswe.

Pochita, tubal ligation imachitidwa pamene mimba ina imayambitsa chiwopsezo ku thanzi kapena moyo wa mkazi, komanso pamene zimadziwika kuti mwana wotsatira adzakhala ndi matenda aakulu. Nthawi ina, dokotala sangathe kuchita njirayi ngakhale atapempha mwachindunji kwa wodwalayo.

Musadikire kuti muwone dokotala. Pezani mwayi wokambirana ndi akatswiri ochokera ku Poland konse lero ku abcZdrowie Pezani dokotala.