Jambulani ndi pensulo sitepe ndi sitepe. Kuswa

Tidzafunika mapensulo a 2H, HB, 2B, 4B ndi 6B, chofufutira ndi pepala lojambula. Nkhaniyi ikulimbikitsidwa kwa ojambula azaka zonse komanso azikhalidwe.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za hatching yosalala (gradient hatching). Mu gawoli, mugwiritsa ntchito pensulo ya 2B kujambula chopendekera chosavuta kwambiri, kujambula mikwingwirima yosiyana motalikirana kapena kuyandikirana. Kupanga mthunzi wa gradient ndikusintha kuchokera kumdima kupita ku kuwala kapena kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima. Hatching imatanthawuza mizere yomwe imakokedwa pamodzi kuti apange chithunzithunzi cha mthunzi. Shading imatanthawuza mithunzi yosiyana yomwe imapereka maonekedwe atatu-dimensional kujambula. 1. Musanayambe kujambula, tengani mphindi zingapo kuti mupeze kayendetsedwe ka manja achilengedwe. Pangani mizere ingapo yofananira. Pamene mukujambula, tcherani khutu ku momwe mizere iyi imalembedwera. Yesani njira zosiyanasiyana zosuntha pensulo yanu, kutembenuza pepala, kapena kusintha mbali ya mizere yanu mpaka mutapeza malo ndi kayendedwe kamene kamakugwirirani ntchito. 2. Jambulani mizere yoyamba pomwe kuswa kumatenga kupitilira theka la pepala lanu mopingasa. Kumanzere kwa pepala, kanikizani pang'ono pensulo yanu ya 2B kuti mujambule mizere yopepuka motalikirana komanso pang'ono. Pafupi ndi pakati, pali mizere yaying'ono yocheperako, yayitali kwambiri ndipo imayandikirana pang'ono. Pogwiritsa ntchito mizere yotsekera yautali wosiyanasiyana, mutha kusintha mosawoneka kuchokera pamthunzi wamphamvu kumodzi kupita kumthunzi wamphamvu ina.

3. Jambulani mizere yambiri yakuda ndi kuyandikira pamodzi mpaka mutafika kumapeto kwa pepala (mopingasa). Onjezani mizere yayifupi yayifupi pakati pa mizere yanu ngati kusintha pakati pa ma toni sikuli kosalala kwambiri.

4. Jambulani mizere yowonjezereka pamodzi, mpaka kumapeto, mpaka mapeto atakhala mdima. Yambani kupanga mizere yanu kuyandikana kuchokera pa 2/3 ya pepala. Zindikirani kuti mizere yomwe imapanga madera amdima imakhala yoyandikana kwambiri ndipo mapepala ndi ovuta kwambiri kuwona, koma akuwonekerabe.

Gradient shading. Musanayambe gawo ili la phunziroli, jambulani mizere ndi pensulo iliyonse ndikuwona kusiyana kwake. 2H ndiyo yopepuka kwambiri (yovuta kwambiri) ndipo pensulo ya 6B ndiyo yakuda kwambiri (yofewa kwambiri). 2H ndi yabwino kupanga ma toni owala, HB ndi 2B ndi abwino kwa matani apakatikati, 4B ndi 6B popanga ma toni akuda. Mudzagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kosalala, komanso kukanikiza pensulo kumasinthanso mtundu.

5. Kumanzere kwa pepala, kukanikiza mopepuka pensulo ya 2H, jambulani mizere yopepuka. Pamene mukuyandikira pakati, pangani mizere yanu pafupi wina ndi mzake ndikusindikiza pang'ono pensulo. Tengani pensulo ya HB ndi/kapena 2B kuti mukwaniritse kamvekedwe kakang'ono pantchito yanu. Pitirizani kupangitsa kamvekedwe kanu kukhala kakuda pamene mukusunthira kumanja.

6. Pogwiritsa ntchito HB ndi/kapena 2B pensulo, jambulani mthunzi wakuda mpaka kumapeto kwa pepala lanu.

7. Pogwiritsa ntchito pensulo 4B ndi 6B kujambula mawu akuda kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mapensulo anu ndi akuthwa. Jambulani mizere moyandikana. 6B idzapanga mthunzi wakuda kwambiri. Ngati muwona kuti kusintha pakati pa matani anu ndi lakuthwa, mukhoza kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta powonjezera mizere yochepa pakati pa mizere yanu.

Yang'anani kusintha kosalala pakati pa ma toni pa chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa. Mizere yapayokhayo imakhala yosawonekera chifukwa imagwirizana kwambiri. Palibe smudging yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito pano, ngakhale ikuwoneka ngati gradient yopitilira. Kuleza mtima ndi kuchita zambiri ndipo mudzatha kutero pambuyo pake. Yesani!

8. Gwiritsani ntchito mizere yokhotakhota kuti mujambule kusintha kwa matani 10 osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima, zojambulazo zimasonyeza maonekedwe a tsitsi. Wolembayo adagawa pepalalo m'lifupi mwake mu magawo 10, kuti mumvetsetse momwe kamvekedwe kamvekedwe kamvekedwe, momwe chilichonse chotsatira chimakhala chakuda kuposa choyambirira. Mipiringidzo imakokedwa ndi zilembo C ndi U. Pojambula tsitsi mwa anthu ndi ubweya wa nyama, mizere yopindika yokhotakhota iyenera kutsata mawonekedwe a mutu ndi thupi.

9. Pochita, gwiritsani ntchito malankhulidwe osiyanasiyana, kujambula kuchokera ku kuwala kupita kumdima. Mapensulo anu amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga hatch. Oyamba akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mapensulo atatu kapena anayi. Nthawi zambiri wolemba amagwiritsa ntchito mapensulo a 2H, HB, 2B, 4B ndi 6B. Ndi mapensulo ochuluka kuchokera ku 6H-8B, matani omwe angathe kuchitidwa ndi osatha.

Wolemba: Brenda Hoddinot, tsamba (gwero) drawspace.com