Maonedwe pojambula

Phunziroli likuyang'ana pa zoyambira zamawonedwe pojambula. Ndikuwonetsani pang'onopang'ono momwe mungamangire chinthu moyenera. Pang'onopang'ono, osati mwachizolowezi, amasonyeza chojambula chomaliza ndi mizere, ndiyeno mumakhala ndikuganiza momwe zilili ndi chiyani. Liniya malingaliro pojambula ndi masomphenya a chinthu ndi maso athu, i.e. tonse tikudziwa momwe njanji imawonekera (chithunzi pansipa), njanji ndi zogona zili pamtunda womwewo kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake,

koma tikaima pakati pa chitsulocho, diso la munthu limawona chithunzi chosiyana, chapatali njanji zimakumana. Umu ndi m'mene tiyenera kufotokozera mojambula.

Nayi chithunzi chathu. Malo omwe njanji zimalumikizana ndi kutsogolo kwathu, mfundoyi imatchedwa malo osowa. Malo osokonekera ali pamzere wakutsogolo, mzere wakutsogolo ndi mlingo wa maso athu. Maso athu akadakhala pomwe pali wogona, tikadawona mbali imodzi yokha ya wogonayo ndipo ndi momwemo.

Uku ndikumanga kowonera pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi ndipo mbali imodzi ya chinthucho ili patsogolo pathu. Kotero tikhoza kufotokoza maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Poyamba, tikuwona rectangle popanda kupotoza, chachiwiri - lalikulu. Timajambula kutalika kwa chinthucho ndi diso kuchokera pazomwe taziwona motsatira mzere wa cheza. Poyamba, pakhoza kukhala buku kapena chinthu china, chachiwiri - parallelepiped yamakona anayi (rectangle mu voliyumu). Kuti mupeze mbali yosaoneka, muyenera kujambula kuwala kuchokera kumalo osokonekera mpaka kumakona apansi a lalikulu, kenaka muchepetse mizere yowongoka kuchokera kumakona akutali ndikugwirizanitsa mfundo zodutsamo ndi mzere wolunjika. Ndipo nkhope zapansi zidzapita pamodzi ndi kuwala kojambula.

Kuti mujambule silinda moyenera, choyamba muyenera kupeza pakati pa maziko, chifukwa cha izi timajambula mizere yowongoka kuchokera pakona kupita ku ngodya ndikupanga bwalo. Lumikizanani ndi mizere ndikuchotsa gawo losawoneka.

Kotero, chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zimatsogoleredwa ndi mbali imodzi mwachindunji kwa ife, i.e. popanda kupotoza. Timasonyeza chithunzi chapamwamba pamene tiyang'ana mmwamba, pakati - molunjika ndi otsiriza (pansi kwambiri) - kuyang'ana kumagwa pansi. Kumbukirani kuti mbali zokhotakhota zomwe zimayenda motsatira cheza zimatsimikiziridwa ndi maso.

Mwachitsanzo, umu ndi mmene tingasonyezere nyumba kapena zinthu zina zimene zili m’mbali.

Ndife amene timaganizira kumanga kaonedwe mu kujambula, pamene mbali imodzi si kupotozedwa, koma tiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati chinthu waima pansi pa m'mphepete mwa ngodya zosiyanasiyana kwa ife. Pachifukwa ichi, mawonekedwe omangamanga okhala ndi mfundo ziwiri zowonongeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Yang'anani, lalikulu ndi kawonedwe kopanda kupotoza, koma chitsanzo chachitatu chikuwonetsa mwayi wochiyika ndi m'mphepete mwapakati. Timasankha mwachisawawa kutalika kwa lalikulu, kuyeza magawo omwewo kutali, izi zidzakhala malo osokonekera A ndi B. Kuchokera pa mfundo izi timajambula mizere yowongoka mpaka kumapeto kwa mzere wathu. Onani, ngodya iyenera kupanga obtuse, i.e. kupitilira madigiri 90, ngati ndi 90 kapena kuchepera, ndiye chotsani kupitilira malo osokonekera. Kuchuluka kwa mbali zopotoka kumatsimikiziridwa ndi diso kupyolera mu kuyang'ana ndi kulingalira mophiphiritsira.

Nazi zitsanzo zina zomwe, mwachitsanzo, nyumbayo ili yosiyana. Izi ndi zomwe tidawona momwe timawonera pachithunzichi, ngati tiyang'ana kutsogolo.

Ndipo ngati tiyang'ana pansi pang'ono, ndiye kuti tidzakhala ndi chithunzi chosiyana pang'ono. Tiyenera kukhazikitsa kutalika kwa lalikulu ndi malo akusoweka A ndi B, iwo adzakhala pa mtunda wofanana ndi chinthu kwa ine. Timajambula cheza kuchokera ku mfundo izi mpaka pamwamba ndi pansi pa mzere. Apanso, timadziwa m'lifupi mwa mbali zopotoka ndi diso ndipo amapita motsatira mtengo. Kuti titsirize kyubu, tifunika kujambula mizere yowonjezera kuchokera kumalo osokonekera kupita kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa kyubu. Kenako sankhani chithunzi chomwe chinapangidwa mu maphunzirowa, ichi chidzakhala pamwamba pa cube.

Tsopano onani momwe mungajambule rectangle mu voliyumu kuchokera kosiyana. Mfundo yomanga ndi yofanana.

Kaonedwe kachithunzi poyang'ana mmwamba pa chinthu. Mfundo yojambula ndi yofanana ndi yomwe tafotokoza kale.

Mfundo zambiri zowonera pajambula:

1. Sitima yapamtunda yokhala ndi sitima

2. Malo

3. Mzinda

4. Table

5. Kupitiliza maphunziro oyambira