Maupangiri pamayendedwe: Zojambula Zachikhalidwe

1. Buku
2. Miyeso
3. Zachikhalidwe

Onani mbiri yakale, zojambula zakale, ndi akatswiri oyambitsa ma tattoo achikhalidwe.

Mizere yakuda yolimba yosonyeza chiwombankhanga chowuluka, nangula wophimbidwa ndi rozi, kapena sitima yapanyanja... izi ndi zina mwa zithunzi zakale zomwe zingabwere m'maganizo wina akatchula tattoo yachikhalidwe. Gulu lina la zaluso, lomwe ndi gawo la chikhalidwe cha anthu, dziko la United States lachita bwino kwambiri kupanga zojambulajambula zake. Chofunikira kwambiri pazaluso ndi chikhalidwe cha ku America, timalemba mbiri yakale, mapangidwe, ndi akatswiri oyambitsa ojambula odziwika bwino a tattoo.

Mbiri yakale ya tattoo

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mfundo yakuti kudzilemba mphini kunayambira m’zikhalidwe zambiri komanso m’mayiko ambiri.

N’zoona kuti amalinyero ndi asilikali anali m’gulu la anthu oyamba ku America kuvala zojambulajambula. Chimodzi mwamwambo wodzilemba mphini kwa otumikirawa sichinali kungovala zizindikiro zotetezera ndi zikumbutso za okondedwa awo, komanso kuika chizindikiro pa thupi lawo ngati moyo wawo unatayika pankhondo.

Kuyenda kwawo kosalekeza kupita kumayiko atsopano (Japan, tikukuyang'anani!) adatsimikizira zokumana nazo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi masitayelo atsopano ndi malingaliro, motero kukhudza mwachindunji zonse kung'anima ndi zithunzi zomwe tadziwa ndi kuzikonda lero.

Makina amagetsi amagetsi, opangidwa ndi a Samuel O'Reilly, adasinthiratu bizinesiyo mu 1891. Sam anatenga cholembera chamagetsi cha Thomas Edison ndikuchisintha kuti apange kalambulabwalo wa makina omwe tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Pofika m'chaka cha 1905, mwamuna wina dzina lake Lew Alberts, wotchedwa Lew the Jew, anali kugulitsa mapepala oyambirira a malonda a tattoo. Ndi kupangidwa kwa makina a tattoo ndi mapepala onyezimira, bizinesi ya ojambula zithunzi idakula ndipo kufunikira kwa mapangidwe atsopano ndi malingaliro atsopano kudakhala kosapeweka. Posakhalitsa, kalembedwe kake kameneka ka tattoo kamafalikira m'malire ndi mayiko, zomwe zidapangitsa kukongola kwachikhalidwe cha America.

Kalembedwe ndi luso

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe enieni a ma tattoo achikhalidwe amapita, zolemba zakuda, zolimba mtima komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pigment yolimba zimakhala zomveka bwino. Maulaliki akuda ofunikira anali njira yotengedwa kuchokera ku njira zotsimikiziridwa za ojambula tattoo aku Polynesia ndi Native American. Kwa zaka zambiri, ma inki opangidwa ndi kaboni awa atsimikizira kukalamba bwino kwambiri, kuthandiza maziko ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inki yamitundu yomwe akatswiri ojambula zithunzi ankagwiritsa ntchito inali yogwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe zinalipo pamene inki ya tattoo inali isanangokhala yapamwamba kwambiri kapena kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kufunikira ndi kusowa kofunikira, mitundu yokhayo yomwe inalipo inali yofiira, yachikasu ndi yobiriwira - kapena ketchup, mpiru, yosangalatsa ... monga momwe anthu akale amanenera.

Kung'anima ndi zolinga

Mu 1933, buku la Albert Parry la Tattoo: The Secrets of Strange Art linasindikizidwa ndipo linathandizira kulanda makampani omwe akukula. Monga momwe bungwe la New-York Historical Society limanenera kuti: “Malinga ndi buku la Albert Parry...ojambula ma tattoo a nthawiyo anali odzazidwa ndi zopempha moti zinali zovuta kuti agwirizane ndi kufunika kwa mapangidwe atsopano. Koma kusinthana ma tattoo kung'anima Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 19 ndi kuchiyambi kwa zaka za m’ma 20, zomwe zinkaperekedwa makamaka limodzi ndi zinthu zina kudzera m’makatalogu otumizira makalata, zinathandiza akatswiri ojambula kuti asamachite bwino msika womwe ukukula.” Mapepala awa amasunga zojambula zomwe ojambula akhala akujambula kwa zaka zambiri: zithunzi zachipembedzo, zizindikiro za kulimba mtima ndi mphamvu, ma pin-ups okongola ndi zina zambiri.

Oyambitsa ojambula

Pali anthu ambiri omwe athandizira kusunga ndi kufalitsa tattoo yachikhalidwe, kuphatikizapo Sailor Jerry, Mildred Hull, Don Ed Hardy, Bert Grimm, Lyle Tuttle, Maude Wagner, Amund Dietzel, Jonathan Shaw, Huck Spaulding, ndi "Shanghai" Kate Hellenbrand. tchulani ochepa. Aliyense mwa njira yakeyake, ndi mbiri yake komanso luso lake, adathandizira kupanga kalembedwe, mapangidwe ndi filosofi ya kujambula kwachikhalidwe cha ku America. Ngakhale olemba ma tattoo monga Sailor Jerry ndi Bert Grimm amaonedwa kuti ndi makolo akale a "funde loyamba" la kujambula kwachikhalidwe, anali ngati Don Ed Hardy (yemwe anaphunzira pansi pa Jerry) ndi Lyle Tuttle omwe adayambitsa kuvomereza kwa anthu lusoli. mawonekedwe.

Posakhalitsa mapangidwe awa, mkati mwa zomwe kale zinkawoneka ngati zachinsinsi, zojambulajambula, zowoneka bwino, zidawoneka bwino m'mafashoni monga mawonekedwe a zovala za Don Ed Hardy, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti anthu a ku America (ndipo pambuyo pake padziko lonse lapansi adziwe) za lusoli ndipo zinamukhudza kwambiri. . Kuyenda.

Masiku ano tikudziwa kalembedwe ka tattoo yaku America ngati yolemekezeka komanso yapamwamba, chinthu chomwe sichimachoka. Kufufuza kosavuta pamutuwu kudzapereka zotsatira masauzande mazana ambiri zomwe zimatchulidwabe m'ma studio osawerengeka m'dziko lonselo.