Joan Miro. Wojambula-ndakatulo

"Ndimayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ngati mawu omwe amapanga ndakatulo." Joan Miro

Joan Miro ndiwongoyerekeza komanso surrealism mu botolo limodzi. Zokongoletsedwa ndi mawu ndi zithunzi. Mnzanga Pablo Picasso и Salvador Dali, sanathe kukhala mumthunzi wawo. Pangani mawonekedwe anu apadera.

Wojambula tsogolo anabadwa mu Barcelona mu 1893. Joan adawonetsa chidwi chojambula kuyambira ali mwana. Koma makolo okhwima anali otsimikiza kuti apatse mwana wawo maphunziro apamwamba.

Ali ndi zaka 17, Joan, pakuumirira kwa abambo ake, amapeza ntchito yowerengera ndalama.

Ntchito yotopetsa, yopanda nzeru inasokoneza thanzi la Joan. Polimbana ndi kutopa kwamanjenje, amadwala typhus.

Joan anatenga chaka chathunthu kuti alandire chithandizo ndi kuchira matendawo. Makolo sauzanso mwana wawo maganizo awo. Ndipo pamapeto pake amalowa mu art.

Choyamba ntchito. Fauvism ndi Cubism

Mnyamatayo amakonda kwambiri zamakono. Anakopeka kwambiri ndi Fauvism ndi Cubism.

Fauvism imadziwika ndi mawu komanso mitundu "yachilengedwe". Woyimira wowala kwambiri wa Fauvism - Henri Matisse. Cubism ndi chithunzi chosavuta cha zenizeni, pamene chithunzicho chimagawidwa mu zigawo za geometric. Apa Miro adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Picasso.

Kumanzere: Henri Matisse. Nsomba zagolide. 1911 Pushkin Museum ndi. A.S. Pushkin, Moscow. Kumanja: Pablo Picasso. Violin. 1912 Ibid. art-museum.ru.

Miró amapereka zojambula zake zoyambirira ku zokongola za Catalonia. Pamalo ake pali minda yachibadwidwe, minda yolimidwa, midzi. Kuphatikiza kodabwitsa kwa Fauvism ndi Cubism.

Mu "Village Prades" mutha kuwona Matisse ndi Picasso mosavuta. Uyu si Miro yemwe timamudziwa. Adakali kudzifunafuna.

Ndipo anthu sanali kumuzindikira kwenikweni. Chiwonetsero chake choyamba mu 1917 chinalephera momvetsa chisoni. Zikuoneka kuti panthawiyo dziko la Spain losunga mwambo linali lisanakonzekere luso lotere. Mawu a wotsutsa wina ponena za Miro akutifikira kwa ife: “Ngati uku ndi kujambula, ndiye ine Velazquez".

zenizeni zandakatulo

Miro adaganiza zosintha mawonekedwe ake. Moti mwadabwa. Chifukwa wojambulayo anayamba kugwira ntchito ngati ndakatulo.

Amajambula malo, opangidwa mosamala kwambiri komanso mwatsatanetsatane. Koma sizojambula. Palibe mawonekedwe atatu ndikusintha kosalala kuchokera ku kuwala kupita ku mthunzi. M'malo mwake, chithunzicho ndi chathyathyathya. Ndipo chilichonse chikuwoneka kuti chili ndi moyo wakewake.

Chojambula chodziwika bwino cha Miró mwanjira iyi ndi The Farm.

Zoonadi, kuona zenizeni koteroko kunali kovuta. Miró ankagwira ntchito yojambula kwa maola 8 tsiku lililonse kwa miyezi 9. Ntchitoyi idagulidwa ndi Ernest Hemingway pamtengo wa 5000 francs. Yoyamba bwino, zinthu kuphatikizapo.

Kujambula kwake koyambirira kwa nkhaniyo kunalembedwanso ngati ndakatulo. Timawona makwinya aliwonse ndi makwinya aliwonse pa malaya a wojambula.

Koma mwachiwonekere wojambulayo adamva kuti wamwalira. Ndipo anaganiza kuti kwawo kunalibe kwina komwe angakulireko.

abstract surrealism

Mu 1921, Miró anasamukira ku Paris, kumene anakumana ndipo anakumana kwambiri ndi surrealists. Ndipo Miro akusinthanso mawonekedwe ake kachitatu. Inde, mothandizidwa ndi surrealism.

Iye akuchulukirachulukira kuchoka ku tsatanetsatane mpaka kusamutsidwa kwa zikhumbo zamalingaliro ndi zathupi. Miro amaphatikiza mawonekedwe enieni komanso osamveka. Zozungulira, madontho, zinthu ngati mitambo. Monga mu chithunzi "Mutu wa Catalan wamba".

“Mutu wa Mlimi wa ku Catalan” ndi chimodzi mwazojambula zodziwika bwino za Miró panthawiyo. Iye mwiniyo anachirikiza mphekesera zoti analimbikitsidwa ndi ziwonetsero zake zomwe. Zomwe zidamuchitikira ku Spain polimbana ndi njala.

Koma sizinali choncho. Timawona mizere yomveka bwino ikupanga chithunzi. Zonse zili pamzere. Mwanjira ina, kusamala koteroko sikumagwirizana nkomwe ndi mawu osalingalira a munthu yemwe ali chikomokere.

M'zaka zomwezo, chithunzi "Harlequin Carnival" chinapangidwa.

Kodi simukuganiza kuti ndizofanana kwambiri ndi Famu? Mulu womwewo wa tsatanetsatane womwe ungaganizidwe kwa maola. Izi zokha ndizosangalatsa, mu mzimu wa surrealism.

Miro adafika pamalo omwewo, ndikungowonjezera surrealism yapamwamba. Ndipo anthu aku France adazikonda. Potsirizira pake panabwera chipambano. Amalankhula za iye, amamupatsa chitsanzo, amamuyang'ana.

Mu 1929, Joan Miro anakwatira. Ali ndi mwana wamkazi. Amasamalira banja lake mokwanira ndi ntchito yake. Izi pamapeto pake zimamugwirizanitsa ndi makolo ake. Amene anazindikira kuthekera kwa mwana wawo monga wojambula.

Kuchokera mu 1936 mpaka 1939 kunali nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Spain. Wojambula amayankha zochitikazi ndi ntchito ziwiri: "Wokolola" (yomwe tsopano yatayika) ndi "Still Life ndi Nsapato Yakale".

Zinthu wamba zimawonetsedwa pakuwala kosawoneka bwino, ngati kuti wojambulayo adatha kuzigwira panthawi yakufa.

Ndipo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Miró adapanga mndandanda wake wotchuka wa Constellation. Pakhala kale kupambana padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi magulu a nyenyezi awa omwe amadziwika kwambiri. Mwa iwo, "Famu" yomwe idakhazikitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali ikuwonekeranso.

Kupitiliza kuyesa

Joan Miro sanangoganizira za surrealism. Anapitiriza kuyesa. Zina mwa ntchito zake zimafananizidwa ndi Paul Klee, woimira wina wotchuka wa modernism.

Kumanzere: Joan Miro. Mbandakucha. 1968 Zosonkhanitsa Payekha. 2queens.ru. Kumanja: Paul Klee. Maluwa atatu. 1920 Paul Klee Center ku Bern, Switzerland. Rothko-pollock.ru.

Ndipotu ntchito zimenezi sizifanana kwenikweni. Mawanga akuluakulu amitundu mumayendedwe Gauguin. Koma zina zonse ndi zosiyana. Miro amangoganiza. Muyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti muwone m'bandakucha weniweni mu "Dawn" yake. Koma Klee ndi wolunjika kwambiri. Timatha kuona bwino maluwa.

Kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, Joan Miro adazindikira maloto ake akale a zaluso zazikuluzikulu: amapanga gulu la khoma mu lesitilanti ya Hilton Hotel.

Miro-wosema

Pakali pano, ntchito ya Miro ikuwoneka padziko lonse lapansi. M'mawonekedwe a ziboliboli zodabwitsa. Monga ngati analengedwa ndi zachilendo.

Odziwika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi "Mkazi ndi Mbalame" ku Barcelona ndi "Miss Chicago" ku USA.

Kumanzere: "Mkazi ndi mbalame". 1983 Joan Miro Park ku Barcelona. Ru.wikipedia.org. Kumanja: Abiti Chicago. 1981 Downtown Chicago Loop, USA. TripAdvisor.ru.

Izi, zachidziwikire, ziboliboli zazikulu, chilichonse chochepera 20 m. Miro alinso ndi ziboliboli zing'onozing'ono, kutalika kwa anthu 1,5. Monga "Khalidwe" mwachitsanzo. Makope a wolemba wake amathanso kuwonedwa padziko lonse lapansi.

Mu 1975, Joan Miro Foundation idatsegulidwa, yomwe pakadali pano ili ndi ntchito 14 ndi mbuye.

Ndikuganiza kuti Miro anali m'modzi mwa ojambula ochepa anthawi zonse omwe adakwanitsa kuzindikira malingaliro ake onse. Ngakhale kuti anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mpaka tsiku lomaliza la moyo wake wautali.

Wojambulayo adamwalira mu 1983 kunyumba kwake ku Palma de Mallorca ali ndi zaka 90.

Joan Miro ku Russia

Nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale za ku Russia sizinagule ntchito zake. Choncho, ntchito imodzi yokha "Composition", yomwe inaperekedwa mu 1927 ndi wojambula yekha, imasungidwa ku Russia.

Zambiri mwa ntchito zake zimakhala m'magulu achinsinsi, omwe nthawi zina amapezeka kwa anthu wamba. Komabe, kuphunzira ntchito yake, ndi bwino kupita ku Spain ndi France.

Tiyeni tifotokozere mwachidule

- Joan Miro ndi m'modzi mwa oyimira bwino kwambiri amasiku ano. Pamodzi ndi Pablo Picasso ndi Paul Klee.

- Maonekedwe a Miro asintha kwambiri kangapo. Mu ichi iye ali wachiwiri kwa Picasso multifaceted. Ndikokwanira kuyang'ana chiwembu chomwecho zaka zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, umayi.

Kumanzere: Umayi. 1908 Marasel Museum, Spain. Kumanja: Amayi. 1924 National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh. Rothko-pollock.ru.

- Joan Miro amatha kuwonedwa ngati surrealist. Ali ndi ntchito zambiri zomwe mutuwo sukugwirizana ndi chithunzicho. A ankakonda njira ya surrealists.

Ndipo mayinawo ndi osamveka, koma ndakatulo kwambiri. "Kumwetulira kwa mapiko oyaka moto" ...

- Miro ndi m'modzi mwa ojambula ochepa omwe adalawa bwino komanso kutchuka m'moyo wawo wonse. Cholowa chake ndi chachikulu. Ntchito zake zimagulitsidwabe nthawi zambiri m'misika.

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Comments owerenga ena Onani pansipa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino kuwonjezera pa nkhani. Mukhozanso kugawana maganizo anu ponena za kujambula ndi wojambula, komanso kufunsa wolemba funso.

Chitsanzo chachikulu: Joan Miro. Kudzijambula. 1919 Picasso Museum, Paris. autoritratti.wordpress.com.