Zinsinsi Zogulitsa Zojambula: Mafunso a 10 kwa Wogulitsa Ku Britain Oliver Shuttleworth

Oliver Shuttleworth wa

Sikuti aliyense amafunikira kulengeza komwe nthawi zambiri kumatsagana ndi malonda apamwamba kwambiri pamisika. 

Zimadziwika kwambiri m'dziko lazojambula kuti chisonkhezero cha malonda aliwonse a katundu nthawi zambiri chimatsikira ku zomwe zimatchedwa "ma D atatu": imfa, ngongole, ndi chisudzulo. Komabe, pali D yachinayi yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri kwa osonkhanitsa zojambulajambula, akatswiri amisiri, ndi aliyense amene akuchita malonda: nzeru. 

Kuchenjera ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa otolera zaluso ambiri - ichi ndichifukwa chake zolemba zambiri zogulitsira zimawululira mwini wake wakale wa zojambulajambula ndi mawu oti "zotolera zachinsinsi" osati china chilichonse. Kusadziwika kumeneku kukufalikira pazikhalidwe zonse, ngakhale kuti malamulo atsopano ku UK ndi EU omwe ayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2020 akusintha momwe zinthu ziliri. 

Malamulowa, omwe amadziwika kuti (kapena 5MLD) ndikuyesa kuyimitsa uchigawenga ndi zochitika zina zosaloledwa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimathandizidwa ndi machitidwe azachuma osamveka bwino. 

Ku UK, mwachitsanzo, "ogulitsa zaluso tsopano akuyenera kulembetsa kuboma, kutsimikizira makasitomala omwe ali nawo ndikunena zomwe akukayikitsa - apo ayi adzalandira chindapusa, kuphatikiza kumangidwa." . Tsiku lomaliza loti ogulitsa zaluso ku UK atsatire malamulo okhwimitsawa ndi June 10, 2021. 

Ziyenera kuwoneka momwe malamulo atsopanowa adzakhudzire msika wa zaluso, koma ndibwino kuganiza kuti chinsinsi chidzapitirizabe kukhala chofunika kwambiri kwa ogulitsa zojambulajambula. Sizichitika kawirikawiri kufunafuna malo pamene mukuyang'ana chisudzulo choopsa kapena, choipitsitsa, kulephera. Ogulitsa ena amangokonda kusunga mabizinesi awo mwachinsinsi.

Kuti apeze malo ogulitsawa, nyumba zogulitsira malonda zinali kusokoneza mizere yomwe idalekanitsa mbiri ya anthu onse a nyumba yogulitsirayo ndi malo achinsinsi a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Sotheby's ndi Christie tsopano akupereka "zogulitsa zachinsinsi", mwachitsanzo, kulowerera m'gawo lomwe kale lidali losungidwa kwa ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa. 

Lowani kwa wogulitsa wamba

Wogulitsa wamba ndi gawo lofunikira koma losawoneka bwino lazachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Ogulitsa wamba nthawi zambiri sakhala ogwirizana ndi malo aliwonse osungiramo zinthu zakale kapena nyumba yogulitsira, koma amakhala ndi ubale wapamtima ndi magawo onsewa ndipo amatha kuyenda momasuka pakati pawo. Pokhala ndi mndandanda waukulu wa osonkhanitsa ndikudziwa zokonda zawo, ogulitsa payekha akhoza kugulitsa mwachindunji pamsika wachiwiri, ndiko kuti, kuchokera kwa wosonkhanitsa wina kupita ku wina, kulola kuti mbali zonse ziwiri zikhale zosadziwika.

Ogulitsa wamba sagwira ntchito pamsika woyamba kapena amagwira ntchito mwachindunji ndi akatswiri ojambula, ngakhale pali zosiyana. Chabwino, ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso cha encyclopedic za gawo lawo ndikuyang'anitsitsa zizindikiro zamsika monga zotsatira za malonda. Zitsanzo za Zazinsinsi, Ogulitsa Zazojambula Payekha amasamalira ogula ndi ogulitsa anzeru kwambiri pazaluso.

Pofuna kusokoneza mtundu wa ojambulawa, tidatembenukira kwa wogulitsa wamba wokhala ku London. . Mzere wa Oliver umapereka chitsanzo cham'badwo wodziwika bwino wogulitsa zaluso - adakwera pagulu ku Sotheby's asanalowe nawo malo odziwika bwino aku London ndipo pamapeto pake adadziyendera yekha mu 2014.

Ndili ku Sotheby's, Oliver anali director komanso wotsogolera wa Impressionist ndi Contemporary Art Day Sales. Tsopano amayang'ana kwambiri kugula ndi kugulitsa ntchito zamitunduyi m'malo mwa makasitomala ake, komanso zaluso zapambuyo pankhondo komanso zamakono. Kuonjezera apo, Oliver amayendetsa mbali iliyonse ya zosonkhanitsa makasitomala ake: kulangiza kuunikira koyenera, kufotokozera kubweza ndi nkhani za mzere, ndikuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse pamene zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa zimakhalapo, amapereka ntchito pamaso pa wina aliyense.

Tinafunsa Oliver mafunso khumi okhudza chikhalidwe cha bizinesi yake ndipo tinapeza kuti mayankho ake anali chithunzithunzi chabwino cha khalidwe lake-lolunjika ndi lamakono, koma ochezeka komanso ofikirika. Nazi zomwe taphunzira. 

Oliver Shuttleworth (kumanja): Oliver amasilira ntchito ya Robert Rauschenberg ku Christie's.

AA: M'malingaliro anu, ndi zinthu zitatu ziti zomwe aliyense wogulitsa zaluso ayenera kuyesetsa?

OS: Wodalirika, wokhoza, wachinsinsi.

AA: Chifukwa chiyani mudasiya dziko logulitsa malonda kuti mukhale wogulitsa payekha?

OS: Ndinkakonda kukhala ku Sotheby's, koma gawo lina la ine ndinkafuna kufufuza ntchito ya mbali ina ya malonda a zaluso. Ndinkaona kuti kuchita malonda kukanakhala njira yabwino yodziwira makasitomala bwino, chifukwa dziko losasunthika la malonda limatanthauza kuti n'kosatheka kupanga zosonkhanitsa kwa makasitomala pakapita nthawi. Chikhalidwe chokhazikika Sotheby's sangakhale wosiyana kwambiri ndi zaluso zotsogola za Oliver Shuttleworth.

AA: Ubwino wogulitsa ntchito kudzera kwa munthu wabizinesi wamba m'malo mogulitsa malonda ndi chiyani?

OS: Margin nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako poyerekeza ndi malonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wogula ndi wogulitsa azikhutira. Pamapeto pake, wogulitsa amayang'anira ntchito zogulitsa, zomwe ambiri amayamikira; pali mtengo wokhazikika, pansipa womwe sangagulitse kwenikweni. Pamenepa, malo ogulitsa malonda ayenera kukhala ochepa momwe angathere; mtengo waumwini wa ndalama zonse uyenera kukhala wololera, ndipo ndi ntchito ya wogulitsa kukhazikitsa mlingo weniweni koma wokhutiritsa wa malonda.

AA: Ndimakasitomala amtundu wanji omwe mumagwira nawo ntchito? Kodi mumawawona bwanji makasitomala anu ndi katundu wawo?

OS: Makasitomala anga ambiri ndi opambana kwambiri, koma amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa kwambiri - ndimayang'anira zosonkhanitsira poyamba, ndiyeno ndikapeza mndandanda wazofuna, ndimapeza ntchito yoyenera pazokonda zawo ndi bajeti. Nditha kufunsa wogulitsa yemwe sagwirizana ndi dera langa laukadaulo kuti andifunse zojambula zinazake - iyi ndi gawo lodabwitsa la ntchito yanga chifukwa imakhudza akatswiri ambiri azaluso.

AA: Kodi pali ntchito za ojambula ena omwe mumakana kuyimirira kapena kugulitsa? 

OS: Kawirikawiri, chirichonse chomwe sichikugwirizana ndi zojambulajambula, zamakono komanso zapambuyo pa nkhondo. Komabe, m’zaka zaposachedwapa, ndakhala ndikukonda kwambiri ntchito yamasiku ano, chifukwa zokonda zimasintha mofulumira kwambiri. Pali ogulitsa zaluso amakono omwe ndimakonda kugwira nawo ntchito.

AA: Kodi wosonkhetsa achite chiyani ngati akufuna kugulitsa chidutswa mwachinsinsi… ndiyambire kuti? Kodi amafunikira zikalata zotani? 

OS: Ayenera kupeza wogulitsa zaluso yemwe amamukhulupirira ndikupempha upangiri. Katswiri aliyense waluso pazamalonda yemwe ali membala wagulu labwino kapena bungwe lazamalonda (ku UK) azitha kutsimikizira zolembedwa zomwe zikufunika.

AA: Kodi ndi ntchito yanji yomwe munthu amachita ngati inu? 

OS: Zimatengera mtengo wa chinthucho, koma zimatha kuyambira 5% mpaka 20%. Ponena za omwe amalipira: zolipira zonse ziyenera kukhala zowonekera 100% nthawi zonse. Onetsetsani kuti mapepala onse ali okonzeka kulipira ndalama zonse komanso kuti nthawi zonse pamakhala mgwirizano wamalonda wosainidwa ndi onse awiri.

AA: Kodi satifiketi yowona ndi yofunika bwanji m'munda wanu? Kodi siginecha ndi invoice yochokera kugalari yokwanira kukutumizirani ntchito?

OS: Zitsimikizo kapena zolemba zofanana ndizofunika ndipo sindingavomereze chilichonse popanda kutchulidwa bwino. Nditha kulembetsa ziphaso zantchito zoyikidwa, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kale kuwonetsetsa kuti mumasunga mbiri yabwino pogula zaluso. Mwachitsanzo, database yosungiramo zinthu, ndi chida chabwino chokonzekera zosonkhanitsira zanu. 

AA: Kodi mumasunga ntchito mpaka liti? Kodi utali wokhazikika wa phukusi ndi chiyani?

OS: Zimatengera kwambiri zojambulajambula. Chojambula chabwino chidzagulitsidwa mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pang'ono pang'ono, ndipo ndidzapeza njira ina yogulitsa.

AA: Ndi malingaliro olakwika ati omwe amapezeka pazamalonda achinsinsi omwe mungafune kuwatsutsa?

OS: Ogulitsa wamba amagwira ntchito molimbika chifukwa tiyenera kutero, msika umafuna - aulesi, olimbikira, anthu otsogola apita kale!

Tsatirani Oliver kuti muzindikire zojambula zomwe amachita nazo tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso zowonetsa kwambiri pazamalonda ndi ziwonetsero, komanso mbiri yakale yaukadaulo uliwonse womwe amapereka.

Kuti mumve zambiri ngati izi, lembetsani ku Artwork Archive Newsletter ndikuwona zaluso kuchokera kumbali zonse.