Konstantin Korovin. Wathu wa Impressionist

Pamaso pathu pali chithunzi cha Konstantin Alekseevich Korovin. Adalemba Valentin Serov. Mwanjira yachilendo kwambiri.

Yang'anani dzanja la wojambula, lomwe lili pa pilo lamizeremizere. Zikwapu zingapo. Ndipo zina zonse, kupatula nkhope, zalembedwa monga Korovin mwiniwake.

Choncho Serov mwina nthabwala, kapena m'malo mwake, anasonyeza kusilira kalembedwe Korovinskaya penti.

Konstantin Korovin (1861-1939) sadziwa zambiri kuposa momwe tinganene. Repin, Savrasov kapena Shishkin.

Koma anali wojambula amene anabweretsa kukongola kwatsopano kwa Russian luso - aesthetics maganizo.

Ndipo sanangobweretsa kokha. Iye anali wogwirizana kwambiri Russian impressionist.

Inde, titha kuwona mwa ojambula ena aku Russia nthawi yokonda chidwi. Serov yemweyo komanso Repin (wowona wokhazikika, mwa njira).

Koma Korovin yekha anali wosilira wokhulupirika wa impressionism moyo wake wonse. Komanso, njira yake yobwera ku kalembedweyi ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri.

Momwe Korovin adakhala wowonera

Ngati simukudziwa mbiri ya Korovin, mwina mungaganize kuti: "Zikuwonekeratu kuti wojambulayo adapita ku Paris, adadzazidwa ndi zojambulajambula za ku France ndikubweretsa ku Russia."

Chodabwitsa, izi siziri choncho. Ntchito zake zoyamba mu kalembedwe ka impressionist zidapangidwa zaka zingapo asanapite ku France.

Pano pali imodzi mwa ntchito zake zoyamba zoterezi, zomwe Korovin mwiniwakeyo adanyadira kwambiri. "Mtsogoleri".

Mtsikana wonyansa wopenta panja. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ma impressionists onse. Zosiyana, osati zobisika. Kusasamala komanso kulemba mosavuta.

Ngakhale mawonekedwe a mtsikanayo ndi ochititsa chidwi - omasuka, adabwerera pang'ono. Zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza izi kwa nthawi yayitali. Wowona wowona yekha ndiye angalembe mwachangu, mu mphindi 10-15, kuti chitsanzocho chisatope.

Koma si zonse zophweka. Chonde dziwani kuti siginecha ndi deti ndizosiyana. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale nthawi zonse amakayikira kuti Korovin akanatha kupanga mwaluso wotere mu 1883. Ndiko kuti, ndili ndi zaka 22!

Ndipo amanena kuti wojambulayo watisokeretsa dala mwa kulemba tsiku loyambirira. Chifukwa chake, adadzipangira yekha ufulu wodziwika kuti ndi woyamba ku Russia. Yemwe anayamba kulenga ntchito zofanana kale asanayesedwe ndi anzake.

Ngakhale zili choncho, mfundo ndi yakuti Korovin adalenga ntchito zake zoyamba mumayendedwe a impressionism asanapite ku France.

Mwayi ndi tsoka lovuta

Abwenzi a Korovin nthawi zonse amasilira "kupepuka" kwa wojambulayo. Anali wosangalala nthawi zonse, ankaseka kwambiri, anali ndi khalidwe lochezeka.

"Munthu uyu akuchita bwino," anthu ozungulira iye ankaganiza ... Ndipo iwo anali olakwa kwambiri.

Kupatula apo, moyo wa mbuyeyo sunali wopambana kulenga, komanso mndandanda watsoka zenizeni. Yoyamba yomwe inayambika ali mwana - kuchokera ku nyumba ya wamalonda wolemera, Korovins wosauka anasamukira kumudzi wamba.

Bambo wa Konstantin Alekseevich sakanatha kupulumuka ndipo adadzipha pamene wojambulayo anali ndi zaka 20.

M'banja la Korovin, chilakolako cha zaluso zabwino chinalandiridwa - aliyense pano adajambula bwino. Ndipo kotero kuvomereza kwa mnyamatayo mu 1875 ku Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture kunkawoneka bwino kwambiri.

Alexey Savrasov anali mphunzitsi wake woyamba pano. Ndi mphunzitsi wokhulupirika kwambiri. Iye sanasokoneze zoyesayesa za wophunzira wake nkomwe. Ngakhale pamene analemba "Mtsinje ku Menshov".

Danga lalikulu, kuwala kutayika pamwamba pa chinsalu ndipo ... palibe mzere umodzi womveka bwino. Palibe nkhani - kungokhala chete.

Zinali zachilendo kwambiri pa kujambula kwa Russia panthawiyo. Ndipotu zenizeni - Wanderers "analamulira mpira". Pofotokoza mwatsatanetsatane, chojambula chokhazikika bwino komanso chiwembu chomveka chinali maziko a maziko onse.

Savrasov yemweyo analemba moona mtima kwambiri, akulemba mosamala zonse. Kumbukirani osachepera otchuka ake "Rooks".

Koma panalibe chizunzo cha Korovin. Kungoti ntchito zake zinkawonedwa ngati zosakwanira, mwadala. Zomwe zitha kukondedwa ndi anthu.

Korovin ndi zisudzo

Zambiri mwa ntchito za Korovin ndizopatsa chidwi. Komabe, anadziyesa yekha m’njira ina.

Mu 1885, Korovin anakumana Savva Mamontov, amene anamupempha kuti akonze zisudzo. Zojambulajambula, ndithudi, zidzawonekera m'zojambula zake.

Kotero mu chithunzi chake chodziwika bwino "Northern Idyll" mukhoza kuona kuti ziwerengero za ngwazi zilibe mawonekedwe atatu. Iwo ali ngati mbali ya malo athyathyathya, olembedwa m’malo otakataka a mbali zitatu.

"Northern Idyll" ndi mwaluso kwambiri. Amene analengedwa mchikakamizo cha ntchito mu zisudzo.

Komabe, Alexander Benois (wolemba mbiri yakale) ankakhulupirira kuti Korovin anawononga luso lake pa ntchito yachiwiri mu mawonekedwe a zisudzo. Kuti akanakhala bwino akuyang'ana kalembedwe kake kapadera.

Moyo wamunthu wa Russian impressionist

Nanga bwanji za moyo wa Korovin? Moyo wake wonse anakwatiwa ndi Anna Fidler. Zitha kuwoneka mujambula "Nyali za Paper". Koma mbiri ya moyo wa banja lawo sitinganene kuti yachimwemwe.

Mwana wawo woyamba anamwalira ali wakhanda, ndipo mnyamata wachiŵiri anakhala wolumala ali ndi zaka 16. Atagwa pansi pa tramu, anaduka miyendo yonse.

Kuyambira pamenepo, moyo wonse wa Alexei Konstantinovich (ndiponso anali wojambula) anali mndandanda wa maganizo ndi zofuna kudzipha. Omaliza omwe, pambuyo pa imfa ya abambo ake, adafika pa cholinga.

Moyo wake wonse Korovin anali wotopa kuonetsetsa chithandizo cha mwana ndi mkazi wake (anadwala angina pectoris). Choncho, sanakane ntchito zachiwiri: mapangidwe a mapepala, mapangidwe a zizindikiro, ndi zina zotero.

Monga mmene anzake anakumbukila, iye anali kugwila nchito mosapuma tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndizodabwitsa momwe adakwanitsa kupanga zojambulajambula.

Zaluso zabwino kwambiri

Korovin ankakonda kukaona dacha ku Zhukovka ndi wojambula Polenov.

Ntchito yodabwitsa "Patebulo la Tiyi" idawonekera pano, pomwe titha kuwona mamembala a banja la Polenov ndi anzawo.

Onani momwe zonse ziliri pano. Tikuwona kudzanja lamanja mpando wopanda kanthu akukankhidwira kumbuyo. Monga ngati wojambulayo adayimilira ndipo nthawi yomweyo adagwira zomwe zikuchitika. Ndipo amene anakhala pansi sanalabadira ngakhale pang’ono. Ali otanganidwa ndi nkhani zawozawo komanso zokambirana. Kumanzere, "frame" imadulidwa kwathunthu, monga chithunzi chomwe chinatengedwa mwachangu.

Palibe kuyimba. Mphindi chabe ya moyo wolandidwa ndi wosafa ndi wojambulayo.

Chithunzi "Mu Boat" chinajambulidwa pamalo omwewo, ku Zhukovka. Chojambulacho chikuwonetsa wojambula Polenov ndi mlongo wa mkazi wake Maria Yakunchenkova, nayenso wojambula.

Ichi ndi chitsanzo chapadera cha chifaniziro cha umodzi wa munthu ndi chilengedwe. Chithunzicho chikhoza kuwonedwa kosatha, kumverera kuyenda kosasunthika kwa madzi ndi kuphulika kwa masamba.

Fyodor Chaliapin anali bwenzi lalikulu la Korovin. Mbuyeyo adajambula chithunzi chodabwitsa cha bass yayikulu.

Zoonadi, Impressionism imagwirizana kwambiri ndi Chaliapin. Kalembedwe kameneka kamapereka khalidwe lake losangalala komanso lamphamvu m'njira yabwino kwambiri.

Konstantin Alekseevich anayenda kwambiri ku Ulaya ndi gulu Mamontov. Apa anapeza nkhani zachilendo zatsopano.

Kodi "akazi ake aku Spain Leonora ndi Ampara" ndi ofunika bwanji? Atawonetsa atsikana awiri pa khonde, adatha kufotokoza chikhalidwe chonse cha Spain. Kukonda kowala ndi ... wakuda. Kumasuka ndi ... kudzichepetsa.

Ndipo apa Korovin ndi impressionist ndithu. Anatha kuyimitsa nthawi yomwe mtsikana wina adagwedezeka ndikutsamira paphewa la bwenzi lake. Kusakhazikika koteroko kumawapangitsa kukhala amoyo ndi omasuka.

Paris mu Russian

Korovin analemba Paris mopanda dyera. Chifukwa chake, si wojambula aliyense waku France yemwe adachita bwino.

Mikwingwirima yake imakhala ngati kamvuluvulu, kumapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Momwe sitingathe kusiyanitsa ziwerengero, mithunzi, mazenera a nyumba.

Kwenikweni sitepe imodzi yofikira pakukanika, kutengeka kopanda kusakanikirana kulikonse kwadziko lenileni.

Onani momwe Claude Monet ndi Korovin adalembera mosiyana Boulevard des Capucines. Mitundu ndi yosiyana kwambiri. Monet ndi kudziletsa, kudekha. Korovin - kulimba mtima, kuwala.

Kamodzi Korovin anayima ndi easel m'misewu ya Paris ndi kujambula. Banja lina la ku Russia linaima kuti liwone wojambulayo akugwira ntchito. Munthuyo ananena kuti Afalansa akadali amphamvu kwambiri pamtundu. Korovin adayankha kuti "anthu aku Russia sali oipitsitsa!"

Mosiyana ndi owonetsa ambiri, Korovin sanasiye utoto wakuda. Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu chithunzi "Italian Boulevard".

Monga impressionism, koma wakuda kwambiri. Monet yoteroyo kapena ngakhale Pissarro (yemwe analemba zambiri za Parisian boulevards) simudzawona.

Popanda Russia

Panalibe malo a Korovin ku Russia pambuyo pakusintha. Pa upangiri wotsimikizika wa Lunacharsky, wojambulayo adachoka kwawo.

Kumeneko iye ankagwirabe ntchito mwakhama, kujambula zithunzi, anali pakati pa anthu akudziko. Koma…

Eugene Lansere (Russian wojambula, m'bale wa wojambula Zinaida Serebryakova) adakumbukira kuti kamodzi adakumana ndi Korovin pa chimodzi mwa ziwonetsero za Paris.

Anaima pafupi ndi malo ena a ku Russia ndipo anagwetsa misozi, akumadandaula kuti sadzaonanso mizati ya ku Russia.

Korovin anali wachisoni kwambiri. Atachoka ku Russia, sanathe kumuiwala. moyo wojambula unatha mu Paris mu 1939.

Masiku ano, otsutsa zaluso amayamikira Korovin chifukwa cha chidwi mu zaluso zaku Russia, ndi owonera ...

Wowonera amakonda wojambulayo chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwamatsenga kwamitundu ndi kuwala komwe kumapangitsa munthu kuyima pazaluso zake kwa nthawi yayitali.

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Comments owerenga ena Onani pansipa. Nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino kuwonjezera pa nkhani. Mukhozanso kugawana maganizo anu ponena za kujambula ndi wojambula, komanso kufunsa wolemba funso.

English Version

Chithunzi chachikulu: Valentin Serov. Chithunzi cha K. Korovin. 1891 State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.