Kodi matenda atsitsi omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi ati?

Tsiku lililonse munthu amataya pafupifupi 50-100 tsitsi. Pafupifupi 100 XNUMX aiwo, izi sizosintha zowoneka bwino. Tikamakalamba, tsitsi la munthu limafooka ndipo sachedwa kuthothoka. Komabe, pamene kupanda ungwiro koonekeratu kumayamba kuonekera pamutu, ichi ndi chizindikiro choonekeratu chakuti chinachake chachikulu chikuchitika. Mavuto a tsitsi ndi matenda amakhudza anthu mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu wawo ndi jenda. Amakhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana monga kupsinjika maganizo, kusintha kwa majini kapena kusamalidwa kosayenera. Matenda ena ndi matenda okhudzana, mwachitsanzo, ndi kusagwirizana kwa mahomoni, angayambitsenso tsitsi. Iliyonse mwa matendawa ndi yosasangalatsa ndipo imathanso kulumikizidwa ndikukumana ndi zinthu zambiri zosasangalatsa pagulu.

Zambiri zokhudza tsitsi

Kapangidwe ka tsitsi

Tsitsi lili ndi magawo awiri - muzu ndi tsinde. Muzu ndi chidutswa chomwe chili mu peel. Amakhala ndi zigawo zitatu: pachimake, khungwa ndi cuticle wa tsitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, pansi pa muzu pali babu, wopangidwa ndi masanjidwewo ndi papilla tsitsi. Matrix ndi pomwe ma melanocyte alipo. Mtundu wa tsitsi la mwiniwake umadalira kuchuluka kwa utoto wopangidwa mwa iwo. Njerewere imapangidwa ndi gulu la maselo olumikizana. Kutaya tsitsi kosatha kumayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo ili la tsitsi. Phesi ndi mbali ya tsitsi yomwe imawonekera kwa anthu chifukwa ili pamwamba pa khungu. Amakhala ndi pakati pa tsitsi, kotekisi ndi sheath ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha keratinization ya ma cell matrix atsitsi. Tsitsi limamera kuchokera ku mphuno ya tsitsi, yomwe ili m'kati mwa epidermis. Pano pali muzu wa tsitsi ndi malo omwe amamangiriridwa ndi minofu ya paranasal. Minofu ya paranasal imakhala ndi udindo wokweza tsitsi ndikuyambitsa zomwe zimatchedwa goosebumps. Kuchepetsa kwake ndiko kuyankha kuzinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi dongosolo lamanjenje, komanso kumawonjezera kutulutsa kwa sebum. Mitsempha ya tsitsi imazunguliridwa ndi mitsempha yambiri ndi mitsempha ya magazi.

Kukula kwa Tsitsi

Kuti tsitsi likule bwino, ndikofunikira kusunga kulumikizana koyenera pakati pa papilla ndi matrix atsitsi. Tsitsi la pamutu limakula pamlingo wa 1 centimeter pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Makulidwe awo apakati ndi 1 µm. Kukula sikupitirira ndipo kumagawidwa mu magawo atatu. Kukula, kapena anagen, kumatenga pafupifupi zaka 70-3 ndipo kumakhudza 6-80% ya tsitsi lonse. Zimakhala kugawikana kwa tsitsi masanjidwewo maselo. Gawo lotsatira ndi kusinthika, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti catagen, kapena nthawi ya kusintha komwe tsitsi limakhazikika pang'onopang'ono ndikusunthira mmwamba. Izi zimatenga pafupifupi milungu ingapo ndikuphimba pafupifupi 85% ya tsitsi. Gawo lomaliza ndi kupuma, ndiko kuti, telogen, yomwe imakhala pafupifupi miyezi 1-2. Imaphimba 4-10% ya tsitsi ndipo imakhudza kutayika kwa tsitsi lakale ndi maonekedwe a tsitsi latsopano. Kukula ndi kukula kwa tsitsi kumadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo chibadwa ndi mahomoni. Iwo ali ndi udindo wowonjezera tsitsi kapena morphology ya tsitsi yomwe imatsimikizira mtundu wa tsitsi mumtundu woperekedwa.

Matenda okhudzana ndi alopecia

Zomwe zimayambitsa tsitsi

• kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi komwe kumayambitsa kusowa kwa mavitamini ndi minerals;
• chisamaliro chosayenera, i.e. kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osayenera kwa mtundu uwu wa tsitsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mosayenera;
• zinthu zamakina monga kupaka tsitsi pamitsamiro mwa makanda ndi masitayelo osayenera omwe amafooketsa ndi kupsinjika tsitsi, monga ponytail yothina amavalidwa kwa maola ambiri;
• kuwononga thupi ndi zinthu zapoizoni, monga mercury kapena arsenic;
• kusintha kwa majini;
• matenda a endocrine, i.e. mavuto ndi kupanga kwa androgens, kapena kufooka kwa tsitsi chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni omwe amapezeka mu chithokomiro;
• matenda opatsirana ndi kufooka pafupipafupi kwa thupi;
• matenda a khungu - psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis;
• matenda a scalp - lichen planus, limited scleroderma;
• matenda a tsitsi - mycoses;
• matenda zokhudza zonse - lupus erythematosus, discoid lupus erythematosus;
• kugwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy pamaso pa matenda otupa;
• kumwa mankhwala enaake ochepetsa chitetezo cha m’thupi, mankhwala oletsa chithokomiro, ndi mankhwala ena oletsa kutsekeka.

Kutaya tsitsi kwambiri, alopecia

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazovuta kwambiri za tsitsi lamutu. Zimakhudza amuna kwambiri kuposa akazi ndipo, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kuthothoka tsitsi kwambiri. Izi zimawonekera ndi kuwonda kwakukulu kwa tsitsi komanso mawonekedwe a dazi pakapita nthawi. Zingayambitse alopecia yosatha kapena yanthawi yochepa, komanso kuphimba khungu lonse kapena kudera lochepa. Alopecia ikhoza kukhala cicatricial yokhala ndi zipsera kapena popanda zipsera.

Male androgenetic alopecia

Ndi matenda omwe amakhudza munthu aliyense. Nthawi zambiri imayamba pambuyo pa zaka 40, ngakhale imatha kuwonekeranso mwa achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa anthu amene ankavutika ndi seborrhea kapena mafuta dandruff pa unyamata. Zikawonekera poyamba, zimapita mofulumira komanso mozama. Androgenetic alopecia amatengera chibadwa ngati jini yayikulu ya autosomal. Androgens, kapena mahomoni ogonana, amachititsa kuti zitsitsi zatsitsi zisiye "kugwira" tsitsi. Alopecia imayamba ndi kukonkha kumakona akutsogolo ndi korona. Kuchuluka kwa dazi, m'pamenenso achibale ochuluka I ndi II. kuchuluka kwa kudwala matendawa. Ngati mukufuna kuchiza matenda monga androgenetic alopecia, muyenera kuganizira kuti njirayi ndi yopitilira chifukwa imaphatikizapo majini omwe sangasinthidwe. Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala, tsitsi lanu lidzakulanso. Kodi mankhwala ntchito makamaka njira za minoxidil ndi finasteride. Chifukwa cha iwo, tsitsi limasiya kugwa, komanso limakhala lolimba komanso lamphamvu. Zotsatira zabwino zimatheka pakatha zaka 2 zogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Androgenetic alopecia chitsanzo chachikazi

Androgenetic alopecia ndi yochepa kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna. Nthawi zambiri amawoneka pafupifupi zaka 30. Imadziwonetsera yokha mu kufalikira kwa gawo lotchedwa pamwamba pa mutu. Pamene mkazi ali ndi postmenopausal, kuchuluka kwa estrogens m'thupi mwake kumachepa, kotero androgens amayamba kulamulira ndikuthandizira kuoneka kwa alopecia. Kwa amayi, androgenetic alopecia imawonetsedwa makamaka ndi kutayika kwa tsitsi kwambiri. Komabe, imatha kuwoneka ndikuchita "mwamphamvu kwambiri" chifukwa cha zotsukira zomwe zili muzinthu zosamalira tsitsi. Ngati mukufuna kuchiza matenda, muyenera kuganizira njira yayitali yomwe sichitha nthawi zonse. Pochiza matendawa mwa amayi, 2% yothetsera minoxidil imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Njira zakulera m'mahomoni ndizothandizanso.

Alopecia areata

Alopecia areata imapezeka mu 1-2% ya anthu ambiri ndipo imagwirizana ndi kusokonezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso ndi matenda omwe amadziwikiratu. Nthawi zambiri anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amadwalanso matenda a khungu monga atopy kapena atopic dermatitis, kapena anthu omwe ali ndi Down syndrome. Alopecia areata imapezeka osati pamutu, komanso, mwachitsanzo, pa nkhope (nsidze, nsidze) kapena kumaliseche. Izi zitha kukhala zokhazikika kapena zosakhalitsa, ndipo patha kukhala zobwereranso. Zizindikiro za alopecia areata nthawi zambiri zimakhala zozungulira kapena zozungulira. Khungu mu zotupa ndi minyanga kapena wofiira pang'ono. M'mphepete mwawo, tsitsi nthawi zambiri limasweka. Pali mitundu ingapo ya alopecia areata - kufalikira kwa alopecia areata (kutayika tsitsi pamalo ambiri), alopecia serpentine (tsitsi lozungulira mutu, makamaka m'kachisi ndi kumbuyo kwa mutu), alopecia wamba, ndiye kuti, alopecia yonse (tsitsi). kutayika kwa mutu wonse, kuphatikizapo nkhope) ndi alopecia wachilengedwe chonse (kutayika tsitsi thupi lonse). Njira yothandizira alopecia areata imadalira dera lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Ngati ndi malo ang'onoang'ono, pali mwayi kuti atha popanda kufunikira kwa chithandizo. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, nthaka tikulimbikitsidwa kutengedwa pakamwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Kuchiza kumaphatikizaponso corticosteroids mu mawonekedwe a zothetsera kapena zonona, komanso cyclosporine. Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala onsewa, pali mwayi woti tsitsi lanu lidzagwenso. Polimbana ndi alopecia areata, photochemotherapy imalimbikitsidwanso, i.e. kuyatsa kwa madera okhudzidwa ndi mankhwala apakhungu (dipcyprone (PrEP) ndi dibutylester), zomwe zingapangitse tsitsi kumeranso.

Trichotillomania

Ndi matenda amisala omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha nkhawa kapena mantha. Amakhala ndi mawotchi kuchotsa matenda tsitsi ndi: kukoka iwo kunja, akusisita, kukoka ndi kukoka, lalifupi kwambiri kumeta. Trichotillomania ndi yofala kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata (gululi limatenga mpaka 60% ya odwala). Zimayamba chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kwakukulu, kupanikizika kwambiri ndi nkhawa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutha msinkhu. Azimayi amadwala kangapo kangapo kuposa amuna, chifukwa sangathe kulimbana ndi mavuto ndi nkhawa zosafunikira. Kwa akuluakulu, matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda ena, kupsinjika maganizo ndi matenda a maganizo. Trichotillomania imawonekera ndi mawonekedwe a zotupa zosawoneka bwino m'dera la fronto-parietal, ndikutuluka magazi kwatsopano kuchokera kumatsitsi. Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo uphungu wamaganizo kapena wamisala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola ndi ma shampoos oletsa kukhumudwa kwa ana komanso, kwa akulu, mankhwala ochepetsa kupsinjika.

Matenda ena atsitsi ndi scalp.

• tsitsi lochuluka1. Hirsutism ndi matenda omwe amakhudza amayi ali mwana, amawonetseredwa ndi kukula kwa tsitsi lambiri m'malo omwe ali ndi tsitsi lachimuna. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa androgens. 2. Hypertrichosis - tsitsi limakula kwambiri mthupi lonse kapena m'malo ena okha. Nthawi zambiri amawonekera paubwana kapena unyamata. Kutengera ndi vuto, izi zitha kukhala matenda opezeka kapena obadwa nawo. Nthawi zambiri amuna amadwala.
• kuchepa magazi - imadziwonetsera yokha, yopyapyala komanso yofooka, komanso tsitsi logwa kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mavitamini ndi michere.
• Seborrheic dermatitis ndi atopic dermatitis, matenda onsewa amapitilira chimodzimodzi. Amawonetseredwa ndi greasiness kwambiri ndi dandruff, komanso kutayika kwa tsitsi.
• Dandruff - Itha kukhala yowuma kapena yonyowa. Kuwonetseredwa mu kukhetsa youma epidermis. Kungakhale chibadwa, mahomoni kapena mafangasi matenda.
• Tsitsi logawanika - nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino, zomwe zimatsogolera ku chiwonongeko chosasinthika cha cuticle watsitsi.
• Tsitsi lokola Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa sebum, zomwe zimatha pazifukwa zambiri.